LD 2166 

C3 fl2 
1909 
Copy 1 




THE CANADIAN CLUB 



OF 



HARVARD UNIVERSITY 



THE CANADIAN CLUB 



OF 



HARVARD UNIVERSITY 



EDITED BY 
BENJAMIN RAND, Ph.D. 

HONORARY PRESIDENT OF THE HARVARD CANADIAN CLUB 



CAMBRIDGE 
MASSACHUSETTS, U. S. A. 

1909 



•Ca A a, 



My '09 



THE CANADIAN CLUB OF HARVARD 

UNIVERSITY 



THE Canadian Club of Harvard University is an organi- 
zation composed mainly of members of the University 
who have been born in the Dominion of Canada. Its mem- 
bership is, however, open to all persons who are or have 
been British subjects and who are or have been members 
of any department' of Harvard University. The objects of 
the Club are the promotion of social intercourse among its 
members and the furtherance of the interests of Harvard in 
the different parts of the British Empire and more especially 
in Canada. In pursuance of the former aim it has secured 
a commodious club-house at 12 Oxford street, in close prox- 
imity to the chief University buildings. With the begin- 
ning of the next academic year it is expected that the 
club-house will be open at all times to members. Regular 
meetings of a social nature are held monthly, and to these 
all Canadians and other British subjects in the University 
are cordially invited, whether members of the Canadian 
Club or not. The annual club dues are very low. Ad- 
dresses are frequently given at its meetings by Canadians 
prominent in public life, the list of those who have favored 
the Club in this way during recent years including Hon. 
Edward Blake, Sir Charles Tupper, Bart., Sir Frederick 
Borden, Hon. J. W. Longley, Hon. H. R. Emmerson, Hon. 
Rudolphe Lemieux, Principal Peterson, and many others. 

The Club aims to further the interests of Harvard Uni- 
versity in Canada, by placing at the disposal of Canadian 
students such information regarding the advantages and 






facilities of the University as may serve to guide them in 
their choice of an institution, particularly for post-graduate 
or professional study. Canadians and other British subjects 
coming to Harvard will be cordially welcomed by the Cana- 
dian Club, and it is desirable that, prior to their arrival, 
they should notify the Secretary of the Club, so that they 
may be afforded such information, advice, or assistance, as 
they may desire. 

Former members of the Canadian Club and all Harvard 
graduates residing in Canada or in the other parts of the 
Empire are earnestly desired to forward to the Secretary of 
the Club the names of any persons in their neighborhood 
who may be contemplating attendance at any foreign col- 
lege or university, in order that copies of this pamphlet may 
be sent to them, and the claims of Harvard brought properly 
to their attention. 

The Secretary and other officers of the Club may be 
found at the Club House, 12 Oxford street, Cambridge 
(about a minute's walk from Memorial Hall), during the 
opening days of the college year, and will be glad to be of 
service to newcomers. 

Harvard University comprises many departments, under- 
graduate, graduate, and professional, and it would be impos- 
sible in any limited space to give an adequate description of 
its resources, its facilities, the work which it undertakes, 
and the broad range of instruction which it places at the 
disposal of students. But in the latter part of this pamphlet 
will be found a descriptive survey of the institution as a 
whole, and this will, it is hoped, afford some general idea 
of the superior equipment with which the largest university 
in America is provided. Those who desire more detailed or 
more specific information should write directly to the 
Secretary of the Faculty, University Hall, Cambridge. 

On the roll of Harvard graduates will be found many 
men who have gained great distinction in the political and 



professional circles of Canada. Among the United Empire 
Loyalists were more than two hundred sons of Harvard 
College, and many of these left the Eastern States during the 
Revolution to become pioneers in the Canadian provinces. 
They sent their children and grandchildren back to their 
Alma Mater and so the connection of many of these 
Loyalist families with the University has been maintained 
for well over a full century. In the past century the 
University has drawn many hundreds of students from all 
parts of the Dominion, but more particularly from the 
Maritime Provinces, and it may be doubted whether any 
Canadian university can boast of a more distinguished body 
of Canadian alumni. Among living Harvard alumni in 
Canada mention may be made of Sir Frederick W. Borden, 
Sir Charles Hibbert Tupper, Mr. W. L. Mackenzie King, 
C.M.G., M.P., Mr. George H. Perley, M.P., Hon. A. S. White, 
formerly Attorney-General of New Brunswick, Judge Henry, 
and Mr. W. B. Ritchie, K.C., of Halifax, Mr. W. J. Tupper 
of Winnipeg, and many others. Hon. Christopher Dunkin, 
Mr. Justice Alwyn, Senator W. B. Almon, Mr. T. B. Flint, 
M.P., and various others who attained prominence in the 
public affairs of Canada during the nineteenth century 
were alumni of the University. Among Harvard graduates 
who are now holding important academic posts in Canada 
are Professors C. W. Colby, A. J. Eaton, G. H. Locke, and 
Murray McNeill of McGill; Drs. C. E. Fryer and J. C. Hem- 
meon of the same institution; Professor Hume of the Uni- 
versity of Toronto; Professor McLay of MacMaster Univer- 
sity; Professor Blewett of Victoria College; Chancellor Jones 
and Professor Raymond of the University of New Bruns- 
wick; Professors Tufts, Haley, and Archibald of Acadia; 
Professor "Tweedie of Mount Allison College; and many others 
in smaller institutions. 

A considerable number of Canadians coming to Harvard 
have also remained in the United States or have gone to 



other lands to fill places procured for them through Har- 
vard influence. Among those who hold important educa- 
tional positions in various parts of the Republic and in 
foreign lands may be mentioned Professors S. M. Macvane, 
W. H. Schofield, W. A. Neilson, E. C. Jeffrey, W. B. Munro, 
W. S. Ferguson, Drs. Benjamin Rand and K. G. T. Webster 
of Harvard University; Professor Campbell of Chicago Uni- 
versity; Professor McDougall of New York University; Pro- 
fessor Nicholson of Wesley an University (Conn.); Professor 
Ganong of Smith College; Dr. R. C. Archibald of Brown 
University; Professor Trenholme of the University of 
Missouri; Dr. M. de W. Hemmeon of Western Reserve Uni- 
versity; Professor W. W. McLaren of Tokyo, Japan; and 
Dr. J. M. Bell of Wellington, New Zealand. The names of 
Harvard-Canadians who have been highly successful in pro- 
fessional and mercantile circles would be too numerous to 
give here. 

Following are lists of the officers of the Harvard Cana- 
dian Club since its organization in 1890, and of the Cana- 
dians and other British subjects who have studied at Harvard 
at any time since 1805. This latter is a lengthy list, con- 
taining many honored names, and an earnest endeavor has 
been made to have it as complete and as accurate as pos- 
sible. Doubtless, however, there are omissions, and the 
editor of the list, Dr. Benjamin Rand, Emerson Hall, 
Cambridge, would be glad to have his attention called to 
these so that corrections may be made in later editions. 

The address given is in each case that of the student at 
the time of his admission to Harvard; the dates indicate 
the year of graduation, or the last year of attendance, as 
the case may be. The departments of study are also given 
but where a student studied in more than one department 
of the University, mention is made only of the last depart- 
ment in which he was enrolled. 



HARVARD CANADIAN CLUB 

Founded 1890 



OFFICERS 

Spring, 1890 

Frank Walter Nicolson . . President 

Charles William Colby Vice-President 

Alexander William McRae Secretary-Treasurer 

1890-91 

Walter Alexander Taylor President 

Arthur Brown Willmott Vice-President 

Benjamin Rand Secretary-Treasurer 

1891-92 

Charles Haddon McIntyre President 

Sidney Calvert Vice-President 

Edward Fulton Secretary 

Charles St. Clair Skinner Treasurer 

1892-93 

Arthur James Benjamin Mellish President 

John Edmond Barss Vice-President 

Frederick Joseph Macleod Secretary 

Charles Smith Hickman Treasurer 

1893-94 

Frederick Joseph Macleod President 

Kenneth Grant Tremayne Webster. . . Vice-President 

Robert MacDougall Secretary 

Reginald Ald worth Daly Treasurer 

7 



8 



1894-95 

Robert MacDougall President 

George Wilbert McKeen Vice-President 

George Wilbert Cox Secretary 

B. W. St. Denis Thompson Treasurer 

1895-96 

John Edgar Eaton President 

James Arthur Mahon Vice-President 

Donald Frank Campbell Secretary 

Edwin Toil McKnight Treasurer 

1896-97 

Wm. Hector S. Kollmyer President 

Ernest Brehaut Vice-President 

Charles Edward Seaman Secretary 

Frederic George Chisholm Treasurer 

1897-98 

Charles Edward Seaman President 

Stanley W. Crowell Downey Vice-President 

Norman Maclaren Trenholme Secretary 

James Carlyle Fyshe Treasurer 

1898-99 

Donald Frank Campbell President 

William Albert Hickman Vice-President 

Wilfred George G. Cole Secretary 

William Kilborne Stewart Treasurer 

Frederick Joseph Macleod . . . . ) 

Stanley W. Crowell Downey. . . > Executive Committee 

Edwin Henry Colpitts J 

1899-1900 

Wilfred George G. Cole President 

Leo LeGay Burley Vice-President 

Wallace Patten Cohoe Secretary 

Jack Hall A. Lee Fairweather Treasurer 

William Bennett Munro ^ 

Frederic George Chisholm . . . . > Executive Committee 
John Augustus Watts ) 



9 



1900-01 

George Miles Blakney President 

Fred Burpee Hicks Vice-President 

Frederic George Chisholm Secretary 

Jack Hall A. Lee Fairweather Treasurer 

George Harold Grant 

John Allan MacCormick )■ Executive Committee 

Donald McFayden 

1901-02 

Allan Getchell McAvity President 

John Allan MacCormick Vice-President 

William Henry Harrison Secretary 

George Harold Grant 

William Hall Clawson \- Executive Committee 

William Alexander Robb Kerr 

1902-03 

Andrew Knox Dysart President 

William Herbert McClean Vice-President 

Henry Niebuhr Stetson Secretary 

William Henry Harrison Treasurer 

1903-04 

Andrew Knox Dysart President 

Robert Bell Michell Vice-President 

Herbert S. Wyndham-Gittens Secretary 

Thomas M. M. Tweedie Treasurer 

1904-05 

Montague Chamberlain Honorary President 

Thomas M. M. Tweedie President 

Alexander M. Thompson Vice-President 

Henry S. Wyndham-Gittens Secretary 

Clement Leslie Vaughan Treasurer 

William Bennett Munro .... 

Joseph Clarence Hemmeon . . . . \ Executive Committee 

Roy Elliott Bates 



10 



1905-06 

Montague Chamberlain Honorary President 

William Bennett Munro President 

Laurie Davidson Cox Vice-President 

Robert Dawson MacLaurin Secretary 

Beaton Hall Squires Treasurer 

Thomas M. M. Tweedie 

Percie Chater Charlton \- Executive Committee 

VlLHJALMUR STEFANSSON 

1906-07 , 

Benjamin Rand Honorary President 

Walter Wallace McLaren President 

Beaton Hall Squires Vice-President 

Erse Robinson Golding Secretary 

Richard John Owen Treasurer 

Fred Carleton Mabee ^ 

William Hall Clawson > Executive Committee 

Bridgewater Meredith Langstaff ) 

1907-08 

Benjamin Rand Honorary President 

Varley Bent Fullerton President 

Fred Carleton Mabee Vice-President 

Paul Henry Vogel Secretary 

Gabriel Isaac Lewis Treasurer 

Wm. Alexander Kirkwood . . . . ^ 

John Camil Landry >- Executive Committee 

Harold Garnet Black J 

1908-09 

Benjamin Rand Honorary President 

Harold Eugene Bigelow President 

i 

William Alexander Kirkwood Vice-President 

John Camil Landry Secretary 

Laurie Lorne Burgess Treasurer 

Cyrus J©hn Macmillan 

Beaton Hall Squires y Executive Committee 

Paul Henry Vogel 



LIST OF CANADIANS 
WHO HAVE ATTENDED HARVARD UNIVERSITY 



1805-1909 



NOVA 


SCOTIA 




1806 Uniacke, Richard J. 


Halifax 


College 


1811 White, Nathaniel W. 


Shelburne 


Divinity 


1821 Upham, Charles W. 


Annapolis 


Medical 


1824 Borden, Adolphus K. 


Horton 


u 


Desbrisay, Thomas 


Halifax 


a 


1825 Bolman, Edward 


Lunenburg 


a 


Jeffers, John, Jr. 


Aylesford 


a 


Rice, Sydney S. 


Annapolis . 


u 


1829 Kennedy, William 


u 


a 


1835 Sharp, Thomas Coates 


Amherst 


a 


Tremain, Edward Thomas 


Halifax 


it 


1836 Henderson, William 




(C 


1837 Harley, Benjamin V. 


Lunenburg 


a 


1841 Borden, Jonathan 


Horton 


a 


1843 Inglis, Charles 


Halifax 


a 


1844 Johnston, Lewis 


Horton 


a 


Schrage, John 


Lunenburg 


a 


Yelpez, Standish L. 


Rockinburg 


a 


Yoskeen, Henry Washburn 


Bridgetown 


a 


1846 Simson, Edward M. 


Halifax 


a 


1847 Brown, Charles Edward 


Yarmouth 


College 


Thomson, James 


Halifax 


Medical 


West, Samuel Cunard 


a 


Law 


1848 Brown, Samuel Dennison 


Horton 


u 


Cox, Alexander D. 


Truro 


Medical 


Francis, Daniel 


Londonderry 


u 


Pryor, John Edward 


Horton 


a 


1849 Pickman, Benjamin 


Annapolis 


a 


Ryan, Thomas Patrick 


Halifax 


Law 


1850 Almon, Andrew Belcher 


u 


Law 


Kirby, Edward 


a 


Medical 



11 



12 



1850 Shaw, James Thorne 

1851 Archibald, William 
Hill, Edward 
Pineo, Peter, Jr. 

1852 Clark, William Gibson 
Randall, Wm. Allen Chipman 

1854 Tupper, Nathan 

1855 Crawley, Henry Thomas 
Henderson, William 
Hill, David William 
Neilson, William 

1856 Campbell, Benjamin 
Hattie, Alexander George 
McKeen, Samuel G. Archibald 
Page, Alexander Crawford 

1857 Kaulbach, Henry A. Newman 
Young, J. Brooking 

1858 Henderson, John Radcliffe 
Jones, Josiah Edgar 
Primrose, Samuel Chipman 

1859 Foss, Stephen 
Jamison, Jonathan Hugh 

1860 Elliot, Charles Schomberg 
Hurd, James Christie 
Macinnis, Lauchlin 
McLean, Duncan 
Morse, Leander Rupert 
Paine, Jansen Tasmen 
Seaman, Ammi Lombard 

1861 Almon, William Bruce 
Bent, William Henry 
Brown, Charles B. 
Brown, Richard H. 
Flowers, William Caldwell 
Jacobs, Stannage James 
Jamison, Robert 
Logan, Samuel Moore 

1863 Addy, Henry George 

Balcomb, Melbourne Egbert 
Barnaby, John Morton 
Bingay, John Moody 
Campbell, Wm. Henry 



Annapolis 


Medical 


Horton 


«< 


Cornwallis 


u 


u 


a 


Kentville 


a 


Annapolis 


u 


Amherst 


u 


Halifax 


Law 


Pictou 


Medical 


Barrington 


u 


Halifax 


u 


Gay's River 


u 


Guysboro 


a 


Halifax 


a 


Truro 


a 


Halifax 


a 


u 


Scientific 


a 


Medical 


a 


u 


Annapolis 


u 


Halifax 


u 


u 


u 


St. Marys 


u 


Chester 


u w 


Pictou 


u 


Bridgetown 


u 


Halifax 


u 


River Herbert 


u 


Halifax 


a 


Digby 


u 


Sydney, C. B. 


Scientific 


a 


a 


Halifax 


Medical 


Lunenburg 


u 


Halifax 


a 


Shubenacadie 


u 


Halifax 


a 


Paradise 


a 


Cornwallis 


u 


Tusket 


u 


Colchester 


a 



13 



1863 Carey, Robert Hillary 


Halifax 


Medical 


Crow, Homer 


Onslow 


u 


Falconer, Alexander Frank 


Pictou 


a 


McDonald, William Henry 


Antigonish 


u 


McGillvray, Alexander Daniel 


Springville 


a 


McNutt, William Fletcher 


Truro 


a 


Munro, Charles Henry 


Pictou 


a 


Murray, Lewis Smith 


Mabou, C.B. 


a 


Ross, James Duncan 


Truro 


a 


Sheffield, Mason 


Cornwallis 


a 


1864 Cameron, John Thomas 


Pictou 


a 


Campbell, James McGregor 


Sherbrooke 


a 


Croke, William Joseph 


Halifax 


Law 


Frame, Joseph 


Colchester 


Medical 


Garvie, John Brown 


Halifax 


u 


Gunn, Neil K. 


Inverness, C.B. 


u 


McFatridge, Robert 


Halifax 


u 


McGregor, Murdoch 


Cape Breton 


a 


McKenzie, Alexander 


Sydney, C. B. 


a 


McLellan, John Chisholm 


Economy 


u 


Mitchell, Albert Leshman 


Chester 


a 


Monro, Georges Albert 


Bridgetown 


a 


Morse, Charles Hamilton 


u 


a 


Morse, John Allen W. 


Berwick 


u 


Stuart, Alexander 


Pictou 


a 


1865 Anderson, Alexander 


a 


n 


Anderson, Walter Duncan 


a 


u 


Buckley, William Barry 


Halifax 


u 


Burgess, Frederic Newton 


Kempt 


u 


Dickey, Somerville 


Cornwallis 


a 


Falconer, Alexander 


Pictou 


u 


Fulton, David 


Truro 


a 


Hamilton, Charles Wm., Jr. 


Cornwallis 


u 


Leddy, David 


Halifax 


a 


McDonald, James 


Newport 


a 


Mcintosh, John 


Pictou 


a 


McLaren, Andrew 


Halifax 


a 


Ritchie, Thomas 


u 


Law 


Sanford, Arnold 


Newport 


u 


Stuart, Alexander 


Halifax 


u 


Taylor, Charles 


u 


a 


1866 Calder, James Squair 


Pictou 


Medical 



14 



1866 Carey, Robert Hillary- 


Halifax 


Medical 


Cunningham, Richard Rand 


Digby 


a 


De Wolfe, Albert 


Wolfville 


a 


Evans, Branch Eldridge 


Pictou 


a 


Fixott, Henry James 


Arichat, C.B. 


u 


Fullerton, Thomas Renton 


Pictou 


a 


Fulton, John Beverage 


Londonderry 


u 


Jamison, George Alexander 


Tangier 


u 


McKeagney, Robert Wm. 


Sydney, C.B. 


a 


McLellan, George Peter 


Antigonish 


tt 


McNeill, James 


Musgrave 


it 


Oakes, Milledge 


Bridgewater 


u 


Peppard, John Leander 


Debert River 


u 


Power, Lawrence Geoffrey 


Halifax 


u 


Purney, John Alexander 


Shelburne 


a 


1867 Garvie, Frank Forbes 


Halifax 


a 


Home, William 


Pictou 


u 


Jacobs, Thomas Shreve 


Sydney, C.B. 


it 


Leaver, Thomas Charles 


Truro 


it 


Lewis, John Albert 


a 


u 


Moore, Joseph James 


Kentville 


Law 


Norrie, William 


Pictou 


Medical 


Sanders, Daniel Oliver 


Annapolis 


tt 


Sutherland, Neil 


Pictou 


tt 


Venables, James 


Halifax 


a 


1868 Andrews, Charles Tomme 




u 


Brine, John Frederic 


Arichat 


u 


Browne, John D. Hawthorn 


Halifax 


a 


Chisholm, Donald 




a 


Cogswell, Edmund John 


Cornwallis 


Law 


Coleman, James Anderson 




Medical 


Cornish, Ellis Holmes 


Halifax 


u 


Donham, Benjamin Eugene 


Saulniersville 


a 


Elliot, Herbert 


it 


a 


Fellows, Joseph Howe 


Annapolis 


a 


Frith, John Harvey 


Halifax 


Law 


Lane, Edward Stanley 


Lunenburg 


Medical 


McDougall, John Cameron 


Inverness, C.B. 


a 


McRobert, Edward True 


Londonderry 


it 


Morris, Charles Henry 


Halifax 


it 


Munro, Kennedy 


Pictou 


u 


Robertson, Alexander 


Annapolis 


u 



15 



1868 Shreve, Charles James 
Welton, Robert Bradley 

1869 Barnaby, Clarence David 
Bell, George 

Bent, William Henry 
Blanchard, Aubrey 
Borden, Frederick Wm. 
Campbell, Duncan 
Chipman, Henry 
Chipman, John Pryor 
Collie, James Ross 
Ellis, Henry Allen 
Harris, James William 
Hodgson, Abner 
Kent, John Bryden 
McDonald, John Farquhar 
McKinnon, John Cameron 
McLennan, Angus 
Margeson, Charles Inglis 
Morton, Daniel Henry 
Muir, Charles Sutherland 
Patterson, Edward Mortimer 
Quigley, Went worth Henry 
Saunders, Daniel Oliver 
Smith, John Peter 

1870 Caldwell, William 
Clarke, Augustus Tupper 
Dakin, Robert Augustus 
Davison, Archibald Tupper 
Flint, Thomas Barnard 
Fraser, James William 
Landry, Alexander Pierre 
McDonald, Patrick Alexander 
Mcintosh, Daniel 
McKenzie, Thomas 
McLeod, Arthur James 
McLeod, Robert Randall 
Milson, Thomas 

Morse, Guilford Read 
Murray, Sutherland Corbett 
Robertson, Alexander 
Sallenger, John Andrew 



Chester 



Medical 



Cornwallis 


u 


Meteghan 


a 


Digby 


a 


Kentville 


Law 


Cornwallis 


Medical 


Inverness, C.B. 


a 


Cornwallis 


a 


Kentville 


Law 


Pictou 


Medical 


Economy 


a 


Lower Horton 


u 


Cumberland 


u 


Truro 


u 


Halifax 


u 


Pictou 


a 


Cape Breton 


a 


Wilmot 


u 


Truro 


u 


Shelburne 


Law 


Pictou 


Medical 


Hillsburgh 


a 


Conquerall Banks 


a 


Pictou 


u 


Halifax 


a 


Canning 


u 


Halifax 


u 


Portapique 


u 


Yarmouth 


Law 


Pictou 


Medical 


Clare 


u 


Harbour Bushie 


u 


Pictou 


u 
it 


Liverpool 


Law 


Brookfield 


Divinity 


Halifax 


Medical 

u 


Colchester 


a 
a 


Antigonish 


u 



16 



1870 Smith, George Hill 
Smith, Herbert 
Wade, John Roger 

1871 Barnaby, Gideon 
Gillies, Alexander 
Pickels, George Allen 
Sutherland, Murdo 
Webster, Barclay 
Weir, James 

1872 Brechin, William Pitt 
McMillan, Peter Henry 
Moore, Samuel 

1873 Desbrisay, Thomas DeLabour 
DeWitt, George Erastus 
Eaton, Francis Eugene 
Elder, William 

Geldert, John Morris 
Henry, Hugh McDonald 
Hilz, Charles William 
McLean, Edward Perley 
Middlemas, Frank 
Sommerville, Alexander McLeod 
Weston, Byron Arthur 
Wolfe, Charles Herman 
Woodworth, Wm. Sommerville 

1874 Fraser, John Chisholm 
Hume, Myers 
Johnson, James William 
McDonald, Michael Allen 
Somers, John Edward 
Tufts, John Freeman 

1875 Chipman, William Reginald 
Deinstadt, William McKay 
DeWolfe, James Lovett 
Eaton, Frank Herbert 
Mills, John Burpee 
Ruggles, Edwin 
Stronach, Abraham Booth 

1876 Barss, William Lawson 
Black, Samuel McCully 
Eaton, Adoniram Judson 
McLellan, Samuel David 



Truro 



Medical 



Digby 


« 


Cornwallis 


u 


Cape Breton 


a 


Lunenburg 


a 


Westville 


a 


Kentville 


Law 


Maitland 


Medical 


Cornwallis 


a 


Pictou 


a 

u 


Dartmouth 


a 


Bridgetown 


k 


Granville 


u 


Hantsport 


Graduate 


Halifax 
u 


Law 
u 


Dartmouth 


Medical 


Amherst 


Dental 


Berwick 


Medical 


Pictou 


n 


Dartmouth 


a 


Liverpool 


Dental 


Cornwallis 


Medical 


Antigonish 


a 


Halifax 


u 


a 


Law 


Cape Breton 


Medical 


Antigonish 


a 


Annapolis 


Graduate 


Halifax 


Medical 


Shelburne 


u 


Windsor 


a 


Kentville' 


College 


Annapolis 


Law 

a 


Wilmot 


Medical 


Wolfville 


Law 


Amherst 


College 


Granville 


u 


Londonderry 


Law 



17 



1876 Miller, Charles John 
Murray, Joseph Howe 
Sinclair, Archibald John 
Tupper, Charles Hibbert 

1877 Chesley, Egbert Morse 
Curry, William 
Oxley, James McDonald 
Ritchie, James Johnston 

1878 Archibald, Blowers 
Spinney, Edmund Crawley 
Spinney, William Anthony 

1879 Hill, Philip Carteret 
Ritchie, George 
Shannon, James Noble 

1880 Cogswell, Alfred Robie 
Eaton, Arthur Wentworth H. 
McCurdy, Arthur Williams 

1881 McDonald, Loren Benjamin 
Robinson, William Henry 

1882 Fraser, Alonzo Hamilton 
McKenna, Thomas Louis 
Rand, Frederic Clarence 
Ritchie, Wm. Bruce Almon 

1883 Blair, Israel Alison 
McDonald, Wallace Mortimer 
Sawyer, Everett Wyman 

1884 Henry, William Alexander 
Parker, William Frederic 
Tupper, William Johnston 
Welton, Horatio Hackett 

1885 Lovitt, Israel Melbourne 
Rand, Benjamin 
Silver, Alfred Ernest 

1887 Hall, Charles Frederic 
McCallum, Oscar Fitzallan 

1888 Kirby, Harold 

1889 Banks, Herbert Huntington 
Denton, Adoniram Judson 
Foster, Clarendon Atwood 

1890 Fraser, Alexander 

Jaggar, Thomas Augustus, Jr. 
Nicolson, Frank Walter 



Pictou 
it 


Medical 
u 


Halifax 


Law 


Bridgetown 


College 


Windsor 


Law 


Halifax 


a 


Annapolis 


u 


North Sydney 


u 


Wilmot 

a 


College 


Halifax 

a 


Law 


a 
Dartmouth 


a 
Dental 


Kentville 


College 


Baddeck 


Law 


Newport 


Divinity 


Kingston 


College 


Onslow 


Divinity 


Sydney, C.B. 


Law 


Canning 


u 


Halifax 


a 


Colchester 


Medical 


Halifax 


Law 


Wolfville 


College 


Halifax 

u 


Law 
u 


a 

Wolfville 


College 


Yarmouth 


Medical 


Canning 


Graduate 


Halifax 


Law 


Lawrencetown 


College 


Maitland 


Medical 


Tusket 


Dental 


Barrington 


Medical 


Halifax 


Graduate 


Bridgetown 


Medical 


W. River Station 


College 


Smith's Cove 


a 


Spring Hill 


Graduate 



18 



1890 Street, Lionel Alex. Burnet 


Lockeport 


College 


1891 Bigelow, Edwin Victor 


Kingsport 


Divinity 


Burkitt, Robert James 


Halifax 


College 


Colley, William Henry 


a 


Dental 


Seabury, Maria G. 


u 


Summer 


1892 Crowell, Winifred G. 


Wolfville 


n 


Davis, Thompson T. 


Oxford 


Graduate 


Fraser, Fenwick Williams 


Antigonish 


Divinity 


Fulton, Edward 


Lower Stewiacke 


Graduate 


Harris, William Fenwick 


Wolfville 


a 


Macdonald, William Huntley 


Antigonish 


Medical 


McLeod, Crofton Uniacke 


Brookfield 


Law 


1893 Barss, Andrew de Wolfe 


Wolfville 


Medical 


Barss, John Edmund 


u 


Graduate 


Chapman, Lorenzo 


Amherst 


Medical 


Johnson, George Fulton 


Upper Stewiacke 


College 


Johnstone, Lewis Martin 


Halifax 


Law 


Mathers, Frederick Francis 


a 


u 


Townshend, George Ernest 


u 


u 


Whidden, Howard P. 


Antigonish 


Summer 


1894 Fales, Alonzo Cartland 


Middleton 


Medical 


Kaulbach, Rupert J. C. S. 


Lunenburg 


Law 


Kenny, Joseph Burke 


Halifax 


Medical 


Lathern, Laura A. 


a 


Summer 


McCuish, John Berridge 


Loch Lomond 


Divinity 


1895 Chipman, George Ernest 


Tupperville 


Graduate 


Cox, George Wilbert 


Londonderry 


a 


Jakeman, William Walter 


Halifax 


Veterinary 


Murray, Archibald 


u 


College 


Orr, Samuel Sanford 


Port Morien 


Medical 


Simpson, Francis Stuart 


Halifax 


College 


Yorston, Frederic 


Pictou 


u 


1896 Eaton, John Edgar 


Truro 


Law 


Grant, Milton Daniel 


Hopewell 


Graduate 


Kennedy, Alexander E. 


Pictou 


Medical 


Logan, John Daniel 


a 


Graduate 


McDonald, Colin William 


Pictou 


Medical 


McDonald, Louis Francis 


Halifax 


a 


McDonald, Robert 


Liverpool 


Divinity 


Mclsaac, John Alexander 


Cape Breton 


Medical 


McKeen, George Wilbert 


Baddeck 


u 


Starratt, Wilfred Harlow 


Lawrencetown 


Dental 



19 



1897 Margeson, Wylie Churchill 
Shields, Albert Beckwith 

1898 Archibald, Raymond Clare 
Brownrigg, Albert Edward 
Campbell, Donald Frank 
Campbell, John Douglas 
Chapman, Lorenzo 
Dunlop, Allen Edgar 
Feindel, Joseph Creighton 
Haycock, Ernest 
Jeffers, Edward 
McLean, James Clifford 
Morse, Franklyn Stanley 
Parker, William Morse 
Seaman, Charles Edward 
Smith, Edmund Botterrell 
Tufts, Harold F. 

1899 George, James Augustus 
Hickman, William Albert 
MacDonald, Ronald 
Macdonald, William Clifford 
Mahon, Harry Edmund 
Morton, Howard Ansel 
Phelan, Thomas M. 
Tremain, Hadley Brown 

1900 Dodge, Avard Longley 
McKenna, John Andrew 
Morse, William Inglis 
Murray, Archibald 
Murray, John Tucker 
Parker, Lewis Clifford 

1901 Braithwaite, Edward Ernest 
Crosby, Frank Rogers 
Daniels, Bradford Kempton 
Dickie, Gordon 

Morse, Ernest Roswell 
Robinson, Ernest 

1902 Andrews, Frank 
Archibald, Ebenezer Henry 
Bigney, Arthur Osborne 
Brady, James Francis 
Davis, Roy 



Hantsport 


College 


Margaree 


Divinity 


Halifax 


Graduate 


Pictou 


Medical 


East River 


Graduate 


Weymouth 


College 


Amherst 


Medical 


Kentville 


Law 


New Germany 


Medical 


Westport 


Graduate 


Parrsboro 


Medical 


Kentville 


u 


Digby 


Graduate 


River Hebert 


Dental 


Wolfville 


Graduate 


Truro 


u 


Wolfville 


Summer 


Halifax 


College 


Pictou 


Scientific 


Antigonish 


Summer 


Pictou 


Medical 


Halifax 


Law 


New Germany 


Graduate 


Antigonish 


Summer 


Port Hood 


Law 


Middleton 


College 


Antigonish 


Scientific 


Paradise 


Graduate 


Yarmouth 


Summer 


Truro 


Graduate 


Lunenburg 


Scientific 


Yarmouth 


Divinity 


Hebron 


College 


Paradise 


Graduate 


Milford 


Divinity 


Paradise 


Graduate 


Lakeville 


Scientific 


Middleton 


Graduate 


Harmony 


u 


Hantsport 


College 


Canning 


Medical 


Clifton 


Graduate 



20 



1902 Heustis, Charles Herbert 
Jones, John Cecil 
Knowles, Robert K. Black 
MacCormick, John Allan 
McGill, George Burpee 
McKinnon, Hector McLean 
MacVicar, William Mortimer 
Webster, Kenneth G. T. 

1903 Banks, Herbert Huntington 
Gordon, Jean 

Lawson, David 
McKay, Thomas Calvin 
MacKenzie, Kenneth Ferns 
Mille, Alban Bertram de 
Morse, Vernon Chipman 
Starratt, Stanley Arthur 

1904 Catheron, Robert Scott 
Chute, Flora L. 

Cox, Laurie Davidson 
Gould, William Mathew 
Maccarthy, Joseph Baker 
Smyth, Patrick Somers 
Soley, Lawson A. 
Stairs, Gilbert Sutherland 
Wood, Berton Justus 

1905 Bates, Roy Elliott 
Boal, Annie A. 
Davidson, Percy Erwin 
Davis, David Gray 
George, James Augustus 
Gould, William Matthew 
Merrill, Albert Alex. 
Roscoe, Barry Wentworth 

1906 Clark, James Morrison 
Gilpin, Thomas Barnard 
Hemmeon, Joseph Clarence 
Marshall, Guilford R. 
Murray, John Tucker 
Tweedie, Thomas Mitchell March 
Vaughan, Clement Leslie 
Viets, Gerald Digby 

1907 Clark, James Morrison 



Sydney, C. B. Theol. Summer 

Wolfville Graduate 

Liverpool Medical 
Lake Ainslie 

Middleton College 

Lake Ainslie Divinity 

Annapolis Graduate 

Yarmouth " 

Barrington Medical 

River John Summer 

Grafton Graduate 
Dartmouth 

Truro College 

Halifax Graduate 

Paradise Medical 

Bridgewater Scientific 

Grafton Dental 

Berwick Summer 

Londonderry Scientific 
Lower Stewiacke 

Halifax Summer 

Port Hood Medical 

Spring Hill Summer 

Halifax Law 

Lakeville Graduate 

Amherst College 

Truro Summer 

Kentville Graduate 

Clifton Summer 

Halifax Law 
Lower Stewiacke Scientific 

Halifax Dental 

Kentville Law 

Sydney Mines Summer 

Digby Law 

Wolfville Graduate 

Halifax Summer 

Truro Graduate 

Nappan Graduate Law 

Sheffield Mills Graduate 

Digby College 

Sydney Mines Summer 



21 



1907 Connolly, Cornelius J. 
Denton, Churchill De Blois 
Doull, Arthur Ernest 
Goodspeed, Josephin L. 
MacGillivray, Andrew 
McLeod, John Thomas 
Stapleton, William Clarke 
Strong, Ralph Kempton 

1908 Black, Harold Garnet 
Chittick, Victor Lovett Oakes 
Cleland, Jane Evangeline 
Crichton, Arthur Boxer 
Freeman, Charles Harlow 
Hemmeon, Morley de Wolfe 
Kaulbach, Lenore 
MacDonald, John Hugh 
Morse, George Randolph 
Taylor, Dick Allison 

1909 Balcolm, Alfred Burpee 
Bell, Winthrop Pickard 
Bigelow, Harold Eugene 
Burgess, Laurie Lome 
Christie, Loring Cheney 
Churchill, Clarence Fielding 
Elliott, Malcolm Robertson 
Fraser, Everett 

Fraser, James Henry 
Fullerton, Varley Bent 
Mackenzie, William Roy 
Nowlan, Fred Stanley 
Smyth, Duncan Campbell 
Tait, William Dunlop 



Lourdes 


Summer 


Rossway 


Graduate 


Halifax 


Medical 


Wolfville 


Summer 


Harbor Road 


u 


New Glasgow 


u 


Oxford 


u 


Kentville 


Graduate 


Pugwash 


u 


Hantsport 


u 


Pembroke 


Summer 


Dartmouth 


Graduate 


Milton 


Medical 


Wolfville 


Graduate 


Mahone Bay 


Summer 


Antigonish 


a 


Chester 


Medical 


Londonderry 


u 


Nictaux Falls 


Graduate 


Halifax 


a 


Spencer's Island 


u 


Kinsmans Corner 


a 


Amherst 


Law 


Yarmouth 


Dental 


Clarence 


Medical 


Halifax 


Law 


Alma 


College 


Parrsboro 


Law 


River John 


Graduate 


Havelock 


u 


Port Hood 


Medical 


Hopewell 


Graduate 



NEW BRUNSWICK 



1804 Chipman, Ward 


St. John 


College 


1808 Bliss, John 


a 


a 


1824 Upham, Charles Wentworth 


a 


u 


1835 Rice, Charles Darwin 


Woodstock 


Medical 


1848 Gilbert, George Godfrey 


St, John 


Law 


Morrison, John B. G. 


n 


Medical 


1849 Gilbert, Samuel Henry 


n 


Law 



22 



1849 
1852 
1853 

1854 

1855 
1856 
1857 



1858 
1859 



1860 



1861 



1863 



1864 



1865 



1866 



Weldon, Charles Wesley St. John 

Chandler, George W. Dorchester 

Street, Jerome Charles 

Thompson, T. Baillie St. Stephen 

Cavin, Hugh St. Andrews 

Stockton, Rufus Albert Hampton 

Smith, Stephen St. John 

Skinner, John Wickham 

Disbrow, William Gray Bathurst 

Flower, Cornelius St. John 

Thomson, William Abrams Miramichi 

Ferguson, William L. Woodstock 

Barker, Jacob Henry St. John 
Rowse, Samuel Mayhew Beckwith " 
Tuck, Samuel P. " 

Jonah, John Mariner Hillsboro 

Mercer, Fred Wentworth St. John 

Provan, Robert Kingston 
Scott, Thaddeus * 

Beveridge, James Andover 

Skinner, Edward Manning St. John 
Skinner, Joseph Crandall 

Stevenson, John Fletcher St. Andrews 

Wiley, David Joseph William Florenceville 

Coburn, Benjamin Fredericton 

Connell, William Maxfield Woodstock 

Knapp, William Dixon Sackville 

Saunders, William Edmund Florenceville 

Hagerman, John Robert York 

Smith, Alfred Corbett Bathurst 

Weldon, Robert Alder St. John 

Yerxa, Elijah Miles Keswick 

Caldwell, John Howe St. John 
Forbes, James Gordon 

Jones, Randolph Ketchum Woodstock 
McDonald, Malcolm Campbell Cambridge 
McDonald, William Lewis 

McSorley, George St. John 
Ritchie, William Pollok " 

Atherton, Alfred Bennison Fredericton 

Boyd, Robert Woodstock 

Bunting, Joseph Lordly St. John 



Law 
Medical 

a 

Scientific 
Medical 

a 
a 
u 
u 
u 
u 



Scientific 
Medical 



Scientific 
Medical 



Law 
Medical 



Law 

Medical 
u 

Law 

u 

Medical 
u 

Law 

a 

Medical 



23 



1866 Caldwell, William Minns 


St. John 


Medical 


Colter, Newton Ramsey 


Douglas 


a 


Hartt, Charles Frederick 


St. John 


Scientific 


Hudson, John Philip 


Fredericton 


Law 


Pugsley, Gilbert Redden 


St. John 


(I 


Stockton, Thomas Coates 


a 


Medical 


1867 Andrews, Joseph 


a 


a 


Barteaux, Edward Lawrence 


u 


u 


Beckwith, Charles William 


Fredericton 


Law 


Beveridge, James 


St. John 


a 


Fleming, Alexander 


Stanley 


Medical 


Inchby, James 


St. John 


a 


Kennedy, James Freeland 


a 


u 


McLeod, Ezekiel 


Sussex 


Law 


Simpson, James Laud 




Medical 


Travis, Jeremiah 


St. John 


Law 


1868 Appleby, Stephen Burpee 


Woodstock 


a 


Armstrong, John Russell 


St. John 


a 


Armstrong, Robert 




Medical 


Baird, Alexander William 


St. John 


Law 


Bishop, William Pallen 


Bathurst 


Medical 


Boyd, Robert 


Woodstock 


u 


Casey, Kitson 




u 


Cruise, William 


Richibucto 


u 


DeVeber, Leverett George 


St. John 


a 


Gregory, Edward Ruddock 


a 


Law 


Gunter, Leverett Duncan 


Fredericton 


Medical 


Kinnear, Beverley Oliver 


St. John 


a 


McFarlane, Foster 


Gagetown 


it 


Millidge, Thomas 


St. John 


Law 


Skinner, Robert Chipman 


a 


u 


1869 Caldwell, Charles Edmund 


Woodstock 


Medical 


Hewitt, Edward Ironside 


St. John 


u 


Meloy, James 


a 


a 


Mullin, George Hill 


a 


Law 


O'Connor, Charles Augustus 


Fredericton 


a 


Pedolin, Ferdinand Loric 


a 


Medical 


Peters, Thomas William 


St. John 


Law 


Stockton, Charles Alfred 


a 


a 


Vail, William Edward 


Sussex 


Medical 


1870 Floyd, John Brown 


Quaco 


u 


Hilyard, Henry 


St. John 


Law 



24 



1870 Holyoke, William Cooke 
Jordan, Francis Gilbert 
MacPherson, Frederick Wm. 
Milberry, Nathan Bradstreet 
Stockton, Robert Oldfield 
Tupper, Augustus Maclauchlan 

1871 Carter, Herbert R. 
Fiske, John McKenzie 
Keith, Ira Bliss 
McBride, William Robert 
McDonald, Charles Abner 
McFarlane, William Stewart 

1872 Cockburn, John C. St. Patrick 
Coulthard, George Edwin 
Fairweather, James Arthur 
Gallager, Dualtus Sylvester 
Kennedy, Freeland 
McDonald, Manfred Henry 
MacFariand, Matthew Law 
Morris, Michael Augustus 
Morton, Horatio Arthur 
Robinson, Fred Miller 
Steeves, Howard Douglas 
Torrens, Benjamin Henry 
Wallace, William Henry 
White, Leander Asa 
Wilson, Samuel Edgar 

1873 Cliff, Leander Albert 
Connell, Allison Barlow 
Currie, John Zebulon 
Harrison, Richard 
Hutchinson, Alexander Rankin 
Myshrall, Duncan Barbour 
Spiller, Frederick M. 

Yerxa, Alfred Alonzo 

1874 Allen, Thomas Carleton 
Byers, John Andrew 
Draper, James Albert 
McMonagle, James Roach 
Quigley, Richard Francis 
Spear, Hugh Johnston 

1875 Caldwell, George Peters 



Jacksontown 


Medical 


St. John 


u 


Fredericton 


u 


Wicklow 


a 


St. John 


Law 


Woodstock 


Medical 


St. Joseph 


u 


St. John 


u 


u 


Law 


u 


Medical 


u 


Law 


a 


a 


St. Patrick 


Medical 


Fredericton 


a 


St. John 


Law 




Medical 

u 


Wickham 


a 


Rockland 


a 


St. John 


a 


Fredericton 


a 


St. John 


Dental 


a 


Medical 


Fredericton 


Dental 


Hillsboro 


Medical 


St. John 


Law 


Dorchester 


Medical 


Fredericton 


a 


Woodstock 


Law 


Fredericton 


Medical 


St. John 


u 


Miramichi 


a 


Fredericton 


u 


Woodstock 


u 


Fredericton 


u 


a 


Law 


St. John 


Medical 


a 


Dental 


Sussex 


Law 


New Castle 


a 


Lower Woodstock 


Medical 


St. John 


a 



25 



1875 Fiske, John Mackenzie Campbell 
Gunter, Adolphus Byrum 
Harris, Joseph Albert 
Hewson, William Chandler 
Jones, Randolph Ketchum 
Lawrence, Alexander Bloomfield 
McMonagle, Beverly 

Moore, David Richard 
Palmer, Charles Arthur 
Pugsley, David Alvah 

1876 Bradley, Charles William 
Coster, George Carter 
Hudson, John Philip 
Smith, John Morton 

1877 Burwash, John 
Chandler, William Botsford 
Davis, George Anthony 
Eaton, Abijah H. 
Mclnerney, George Valentine 
Read, Burton Seaman 
Todd, William Frederic 
White, Albert Scott 

1878 Hannah, James Ambrose 
Kaye, Edmund George 
McLeod, Robert 

1879 Fisher, Williamson 
Hazen, William 

1880 Bowser, Alexander Thomas 

1881 Currey, Lemuel Allan 

1882 Hallett, Isaac Hoyt 
Owens, John Gabriel 
Wmslow, John Norman 
Winslow, Warren Copley 

1883 Balkam, George Harris 
Hay, George U. 
Ritchie, Robert Rankin 

1884 Gregory, Francis Brooke 

1885 Calhoun, Arthur Langmaid 
Eaton, Franklin Maynard 
Grant, Ronald Cameron 

1885 McGoldrick, Thomas Charles 

1886 Haley, Frank Raymond 



St. John 


Dental 


Fredericton 


Medical 


Moncton 


Law 


Westmorland Co. 


Dental 


Woodstock 


Law 


St. John 


Medical 


Sussex 


Law 


Fredericton 


Medical 


St. John 


Law 


a 


Dental 


Moncton 


« 


St, John 


Law 


Fredericton 


» 


St. John 


Dental 


Sackville 


Summer 


Dorchester 


Law 


St. John 

u 




Kingston 


u 


Dorchester 


a 


St. Stephen 


ft 


St. John 


ft 


Woodstock 


ft 


St. John 

a 


ft 
ft 


W T oodstock 


ft 


St. John 


' u 


Sackville 


Divinity 


Gagetown 


Law 


Sussex 


ft 


Fredericton 


Medical 


Woodstock 


Law 


Chatham 


» 


Milltown 


« 


St. John 


Summer 


a 


Law 


Fredericton 


« 


St. John 


College 


St. Stephen 


Medical 


St. John 


Law 


u 


Medical 


n 


College 



26 



1887 
1889 



1890 



1891 



1892 



1893 



1895 
1896 



1897 



1898 



Carman, William Bliss 
Bailey, Joseph Whitman 
Ganong, William Francis 
Moriarty, Patrick William 
Ruel, Gerard Godfrey 
Fenety, Harris Gordon 
Jewett, Leonard March 
McRae, Alexander William 
Carey, Everett P. 
De Olloqui, Rufino Augustin 
Paul, Joseph Totten 
Taylor, Walter Alexander 
Copp, Arthur Bliss 
Fisher, Hiram Robinson 
Fisher, John Carey 
Mclntyre, Charles Haddon 
Mclntyre, James Angus 
Raymond, William Tyng 
Skinner, Charles St. Clair 
Skinner, Sherwood A. M. 
Starr, Frederick Ratchford 
Wortman, Lizzie 
Archibald, Mrs. Mary 
Currie, Thomas Hatfield 
Hickman, Charles Smith 
McVey, William B. 
Myles, William J. S. 
Walker, Francis C. 
Yorston, Frederick P. 
Carey, Everett Pascoe 
Bowser, Charles Bertrand B. 
Archibald, Raymond Clare 
Johnston, Henry 
King, Robert 

Seller, William Edmund W. 
Stack, Thomas H. 
Belyea, Harry Ernest 
Givan, James L. 
McKnight, Edwin Toil 
Towers, Frederick 
Downey, Stanley William C. 
Guertin, Louis 



Fredericton 


Graduate 


u 


Law 


St. Stephen 


Graduate 


St. John 


Dental 


u 


Law 


Fredericton 


a 


a 


College 


St. John 


Law 


Sackville 


Summer 


Kingston 


Medical 


St. John 


Dental 


a 


Divinity 


Jolicure 


Law 


St. John 
it 


tt 


Springfield 


a 


St. John 


Medical 


Hampton 


College 


St. John 
a 


Law 

a 


a 


Medical 


Moncton 


Summer 


Sackville 


tt 


Fredericton 


Graduate 


Dorchester 


Law 


Bloomfield 


Medical 


St. John 


Summer 


a 


College 


Newcastle 


Summer 


Upper Sackville 


Graduate 


Sackville 
it 


College 
a 


Fredericton 


a 


Sackville 


a 


Gibson 


a 


St. John 


Scientific 


Cambridge 


Dental 


Moncton 


College 


Havelock 


Law 


Tower Hill 


Divinity 


Fredericton 


Law 


St. Joseph's Colleg 


3 Summei 



27 



1898 Jones, Cecil C. 
King, Melaim Le Noir 
Scammell, John K. 

1899 Bowser, Eden Kirk 
Colpitts, Edward Henry- 
Hill, Frederick Borden 
King, Elbridge Decosmos 
McMurray, A. T. 
Maggs, Alfred Bowman 
Murphy, Arthur S. 
Robinson, Eleanor 

1900 Fairweather, Mabel 
Johnston, Henry 
Landry, Aubrey Edward 
Langstroth, Walter 
MacNeil, Murray 
Rowley, Loone Eldon 
Sprague, Frederick William 
Tweedie, William M. 

1901 Blakney, George Miles 
Brodie, William 
Estabrooke, William Ludlow 
Fairweather, J. H. A. L. 
McFarlane, Alexander S. 
McFarlane, Peter S. 
Furlong, Gerald Ffennell 
Hicks, Frederick Burpee 
Landry, Hector Louis 
McCord, George Rankine 
Patterson, Talmage M. 
Taylor, Frederick Richard 
Woodbridge, H. F. G. 

1902 Alward, Winfred Alexis 
Mills, Joseph 

1903 Alward, Roy Carleton 
Harrison, William Henry 
McAvity, Allan Carleton 
McMurray, Albert Thompson 
Mowat, Reginald C. 
Patton, Charles Henry 
Perkins, Perry Blaine 
Stetson, Henry Nicholas 



Boundary Creek 


College 


Upper Keswick 


Graduate 


St. John 


Scientific 


Sackville 


Law 


Point de Bute 


Graduate 


St. Stephen 


College 


Salisbury 


Dental 


Fredericton 


n 


Sussex 


Graduate 


St. Stephen 


Medical 


St. John 


Summer 


Rothesay 


it 


Fredericton 


Graduate 


Memramcook 


College 


Hampton 


Scientific 


St. John 


Graduate 


Marysville 


College 


Sackville 
u 


a 
a 


Petitcodiac 


Law 


St. John 


Graduate 


Marysville 


College 


Rothesay 


Law 


Fredericton 


Summer 


St. Stephen 


u 


St. John 


College 


Dorchester 


Dental 


a 


Law 


Sackville 


a 


W^aterford 


Divinity 


Rothesay 


Law 


Fredericton 


Dental 


it 


Graduate 


Fredericton 


Summer 


a 


College 


St. John 


Law 


a 


Scientific 


Fredericton 


Dental 


St. Andrews 


Summer 


St. John 


Dental 


Centreville 


College 


St. John 


Scientific 



28 



1903 Walker, Francis Cox 
Weyman, Edward C. 

1904 Caswell, Mary E. 
Crawford, Gustavus Chambers 
Currier, Walter Enoch 
Dysart, Andrew Knox 
Hogan, Frank James 
Kierstead, William O. 

1905 Folkins, Lewis Johnson 
Inches, Cyrus Fiske 
Lynds, Margaret R. 
McKnight, William Samson 

1906 Deacon, Joseph Melville 
Peters, Maurice Earl 
Trimble, James Rolf 

1907 Clawson, William Hall 
Colwell, Robert Cameron 
Heffer, Emma Ida 
Hogan, Francis James 
Miller, Charles Herman 
Patterson, Frank Norton 
Rogers, George Douglas 

1908 Flagg, Guy Edward 
Golding, Erse Robinson 
Gray, Edward John 
McQuaid, Edward Shenton 
Shannon, Clarence 
Sherwood, George Eulas Foster 
Vanier, Henri Albert 

1909 Dixon, Lloyd 
Duston, Frank Algar 
Fullerton, Roy DeMille 
Landry, John Camil 
MacAdam, Guy James 
MacSweeney, John Lefurgey 
Mersereau, Chalmers Jack 



St. John 


Graduate 


Apohaqui 


College 


Milltown 


Summer 


St. John 


Graduate 


Upper Gagetown 


Summer 


Cocagne 


Law 


St. John 


Medical 


Corn Hill 


Summer 


Moncton 


Law 


St. John 


u 


Hopewell 


Summer 


Marktown 


Law 


Milltown 


Medical 


St. John 


Dental 


Petitcodiac 


Medical 


St. John 


Graduate 


Fredericton 


College 


St. John 


Summer 


it 


Medical 


Sackville 


Law 


Temple 


Graduate 


Sussex 


College 


Woodstock 


Dental 


Fredericton 


Law 


Salisbury 


Medical 


Alma 


Law 


Florence ville 


Dental 


Hillsdale 


Graduate 


St. Joseph's College 


Summer 


Sackville 


Graduate 


St. Stephen 


Medical 


Point de Bute 


Graduate 


Dorchester 


Law 


Woodstock 


Medical 


Moncton 


Law 


Doaktown 


Graduate 



29 



ONTARIO 




1835 Dunkin, Christopher 




Tutor 


1847 Beadle, Delos White 


St. Catherine's 


Law 


1852 Coldham, James 


Simcoe 


Medical 


Gimdry, Richard 


u 


u 


1854 Marr, Graham 


a 


it 


Murphy, William Edward 


a 


u 


Turner, Michael William 


a 


a 


1855 Donnelly, Charles Henry 


Hamilton 


a 


Donnelly, George John 


a 


a 


Martin, Frederick Oliver 


u 


a 


1857 Bingham, George Washington 


Tillsonburgh 


u 


Campbell, George 


Niagara 


a 


Dickson, James 


u 


u 


Towar, George Washington 


Doreham 


a 


Wilkins, Oscar Fitzeln 


St. Catherine's 


a 


1859 Eckardt, Thomas P. 




a 


1860 Oliver, Llewellyn 


Toronto 


a 


Walden, John William 


Berlin 


u 


1861 Hewsen, William 


Beamsville 


a 


Kinney, Robert 


a 


u 


MacLean, John George 


u 


u 


Woolverton, Theoron 


Grimsby 


a 


1863 Miller, Allan Henderson 


Port Dover 


a 


Schaefer, Conrad 


Bridgeport 


a 


1866 Disbrow, Robert 


Coburg 


a 


Hobart, Matthew Thomas 


a 


u 


Jones, George Pennington 


St. Mary's 


a 


Prittie, William Henry 


Toronto 


a 


1868 Corbett, Henry Thomas 


Kingston 


u 


Kennedy, Angus Ross 


Toronto 


Divinity 


1869 Disbrow, John 


Omemee 


Medical 


Proudfoot, Alexander 


Southampton 


a 


1870 Dupuis, Thomas Robinson 


Kingston 


a 


1871 Thompson, Alexander 




Divinity 


1873 Hardie, Robert 


Vienna 


Law 


1874 Eschelman, Simon 


Hamilton 


Dental 


1875 Snyder, Thomas 


Berlin 


Divinity 


1877 Sinclair, Charles Frederick 


Kingston 


a 


1878 Perley, George Halsey 


Ottawa 


College 


1882 Chapman, Arthur Wellesley 


Toronto 


u 



30 



1882 French, Edward C. 


Deseronto 


Summer 


Henry, William Alexander 


Ottawa 


College 


1884 Curtis, Charles Percy 


Toronto 


Dental 


Morton, Frederick William 


Hamilton 


Divinity 


Woodruff, Edward Haynes 


St. Catherine's 


College 


1885 Ward, Duren James Henderson 


Dorchester 


Divinity 


1886 Dontenville, Augustus 


Ottawa 


Summer 


Webber, Frank William 


Hamilton 


College 


1887 Hart, Helen G. 


Woodstock 


Summer 


1888 Saunders, Charles Edward 


Ottawa 


a 


1889 Griffin, John Joe 


a 


a 


1890 Gauvreau, Germain 


u 


u 


Hume, James Gibson 


Toronto 


Graduate 


James, Charles C. 


Guelph 


Summer 


McDermid, Duncan 


Renfrew 


Divinity 


McKay, Donald 


Embre 


Graduate 


1891 Graton, Alphonse 


Ottawa 


Summer 


Murphy, William Joseph 


a 


u 


Smith, T. W. 


a 


a 


Walkely, Albert 


a 


Divinity 


Whitehouse, Albert 


a 


Summer 


1892 Wells, Charles P. 


Sarnia 


a 


Willmott, Arthur Brown 


Newton Brook 


Graduate 


1893 Gill, Frederick 


Kingston 


Divinity 


1894 May, Eva G. 


Toronto 


Summer 


Miller, Willet G. 


Kingston 


u 


Pettinger, Peter James 


Princeton 


Graduate 


Rosevear, Howard Stanley 


Port Hope 


u 


1895 Hitchins, William P. 


a 


Summer 


Newman, Matthews 


Toronto 


College 


Reeve, William Porteous 


a 


u 


Thompson, B. W. St. Denis 


a 


Law 


1896 Harcourt, Robert 


Guelph 


Summer 


Leighton, Joseph Alexander 


Orangeville 


Graduate 


Luard, Charles Bourryau 


London 


Bussey Inst 'n 


Mitchell, Thomas Henry 


Ringwood 


Divinity 


Thomas, Janie 


Toronto 


Summer 


1897 Ford, Carleton Yates 


Kingston 


Medical 


King, Robert Owen 


Toronto 


Graduate 


Neilson, William Allan 


Ayr 


a 


Schofield, William Henry 


Hamilton 


u 


Weatherly, Arthur L. 


Simcoe 


Divinity 



31 



1898 Cook, Margaret 
Counter, John Alexander 
Daly, Reginald Aldworth 
McDermott, Michael Francis 
Stafford, John 

1899 Gillespie, Walter Hamilton 
Jeffrey, Edward Charles 
McLean, Godwin Valentine 
McLean, William Albert 
Michle, Jesse Marian 

Neville, Kenneth P. Rutherford 
Stewart, William Kilborne 

1900 Allin, Cephas Daniel 
Cohoe, Wallace Patten 
Cutter, Mrs. Inez 

King, William Lyon Mackenzie 
Langley, Ernest Felix 
McLay, Walter Scott W. 
Morse, William Addison 
Munro, William Bennett 
Thomson, Arthur John 
Waide, Frederick Gordon 

1901 Blewett, George John 
Campbell, GLenn Howard 
Chant, Clarence Augustus 
Dandeno, James Brown 
Dixon, William James 
McFayden, Donald 
Martin, Robert T. 
Wells, Eliza P. 

Wilson, Alfred William Gunning 

1902 Faull, Joseph Horace 
Logan, Leila 
Logan, Nina W. 
McLean, William Albert 
Matthews, Robert Charles 
Moodie, Edith S. 
Tapscott, Henry Byron 
Walton, Florence E. 

1903 Braithwaite, Edward Ernest 
Brough, Thomas A. 
Corry, Jonathan Henry 



Strathroy 
Kingston 


Summer 
Dental 


London 


Graduate 


Kingston 
Flesherton 


Dental 
Graduate 


Toronto 

a 


u 
u 


u 
Brockville 


u 
Summer 


Toronto 


u 


Newburgh 
Toronto 


Graduate 
u 


Milford 


u 


Toronto 


a 


a- 


Summer 


u 
a 


Graduate 

a 


a 
u 


u 
Scientific 


Almonte 


Graduate 


London 
Toronto 


College 
Graduate 


St. Thomas 


a 


a 


College 


a 


Graduate 


Newboro 


a 


Greenbush 


a 


Caledon 


Graduate 


Toronto 

a 


Summer 
u 


Coburg 
Gu^ph 
London 

a 


Graduate 
a 

Summer 

a 


Brockville 
Toronto 


a 

Graduate 


Peterboro 


Summer 


Coburg 
Thurold 


Graduate 
Summer 


Unionville 
Owen Sound 


Divinity 
Summer 


Ottawa 


Scientific 



32 



1903 Gill, Henry Lovering 
Goble, Frank Newton 
Hall, James Frederick 
Laing, Margaret 
Martin, Robert Thomas 
Merrit, Hope 
Peardon, Edith 

Shaw, Marlow Alexander 
Smithett, Mary H. 
Vining, Arthur W. 

1904 Anderson, George R. 
Bell, James Mackintosh 
Harper, Cecil 

Hogg, John L. 

Kerr, William Alexander Robb 

Mason, James Henry 

Michell, Robert Bell 

Nugent, Elizabeth 

Street, Paul Bishop 

1905 Black, Hannah Burnet 
Boswell, Maitland Crease 
Gladman, Cyril R. A. 
Heath, Adelaide M. 
London, Olive 
MacLaurin, Robert Dawson 
Porter, George Edwin 
Steele, Kate Huldah 
Thompson, Alexander M. 
Umphrey, George Wallace 
Wilkie, William Daniel 
Wreyford, Constance W. 

1906 Hutcheon, Robert James 
Johnstone, Albert Henry 
King, William George 
Kleiser, Clare 

Lucas, John Garfield 
MacLaurin, Robert Dawson 
Morden, Gilbert W. 
Mullin, James Heurner 
Ritter, Charles Edgar 
Waddell, Jerrold Ross 

1907 Bond, William Lincoln 



Coldwater 


Summer 


Woodstock 


Scientific 


London 


Graduate 


Stratford 


Summer 


Toronto 


Scientific 


Ottawa 


Summer 


Toronto 


a 


Merton 


Graduate 


Toronto 


Summer 


Thorndale 


« 


Seaforth 


Graduate 


Almonte 


a 


Kingston 


Divinity 


Seaforth 


Graduate 


Toronto 


a 
u 


Perth 


a 


Lindsay 


Summer 


u 


Scientific 


Toronto 


Summer 


Peterboro 


Graduate 


Lindsay 


Scientific 


Toronto 


Summer 


Vankleek Hill 


Graduate 


Peterboro 


a 


Toronto 


Summer 


Brockville 


Graduate 


Udora 


a 


Carleton Place 


Law 


Toronto 


Summer 


Ottawa 


Divinity 


Croton 


Graduate 


Blyth 


College 


Toronto 


Summer 


St. George 


College 


Vankleek Hill 


u 


Pictou 


Summer 


Hamilton 


Medical 


Millbank 


Summer 


Chatham 


a 


Eglinton 


Medical Summer 



33 



1907 Connor, Matthew Francis 


Ottawa 


Summer 


Darling, Henry Maurice 




Law 


Gras, Norman Scott Brien 


London 


Graduate 


Hodgins, Lloyd Clifford Arnott 


Chatham 


U 


Laidlaw, Robertson 


Georgetown 


Langstaff, Bridgewater Meredith Toronto 


College 


McManus, Emily 


Ottawa 


Summer 


Piatt, Garfield Arthur 


Kingston 


Graduate 


Rice, Allen G. Toronto Junction 


Medical Summer 


Rolles, James A. 


Chatham 


Medical 


Saunders, Edmund James 


Toronto 


Graduate 


Scully, Hugh Day 


u 


u 


Simpson, Herbert Clayton 


u 


u 


Somers, Jean Margaret 


u 


Summer 


Thompson, Alexander M. 


Brockville 


Graduate 


Wade, Ethel M. 


Hamilton 


Summer 


Wormwith, Norman Baillie 


Kingston 


Graduate 


1908 Airth, Charlotte Ethel 


Renfrew 


Summer 


Asher, William Claude 


Wicklow 


Medical 


Chapman, Ernest Arthur 


Toronto 


Summer 


Freel, Ira Albert 


Stouffville 


Medical 


Grant, Dick 


St. Mary's 


u 


Hood, Finlay 


Ottawa 


Summer 


Hotson, John William 


Innerkip 


Graduate 


Lerner, Alexander 


Ottawa 


Summer 


McConnell, Arthur W. 


Toronto 


u 


McLaren, Walter Wallace 


Renfrew 


Graduate 


Rome, Lyford 


a 


u 


Tamblyn, William Ferguson 


London 


u 


Thomas, Nellie Tapley 


Ottawa 


Summer 


Yates, Grace Ella 


Toronto 


a 


1909 Bruce, Henry Addington 


U 


Graduate 


Fitzgerald, John Gerald 


a 


Medical 


Gillies, George Ernest 


Teeswater 


u 


Kirkwood, William Alexander 


Brampton 


Graduate 


Knowles, Arthur Raymond 


Brantford 


College 


Mabee, Fred Carleton 


Vittoria 


Graduate 


McCully, Bruce 


Mull 


a 


McDougall, Lome Mehaffey 


Brockville 


a 


Marshall, Troward Harvey 


Toronto 


Divinity 


Mavor, James Watt 


a 


Graduate 


Porter, George Edwin 


Peterboro 


u 


Weir, James Gordon 


Hamilton 


u 



34 



QUEBEC 




1819 Barsalou, Henry P. 


Montreal 


Medical 


1821, t Aylwin, Thomas C. 


Quebec 


College 


Seaver, Norman 


Montreal 


a 


1834 Gates, Charles Horatio 


a 


a 


1839 Guay, Benoine 


Quebec 


Medical 


1841 Baillargeon, Pierre 


u 


u 


Lee, John S. 


a 


a 


1842 Aylwin, Henry 


u 


Law 


1843 Le Prohon, Edward Philippe 


Montreal 


Medical 


MacPherson, Laughlin Urquhart Quebec 


Law 


Mignault, Louis M. T. 


Montreal 


Medical 


1844 Mignault, Joseph Auspice 


Chambly 


a 


1845 Carrier, Joseph 


Quebec 


a 


1846 Foster, William Herschell 


ShefTord 


a 


Mignault, Pierre Bazille 


Chambly 


u 


Rinfret, Remi Ferdinand 


Quebec 


ft 


1847 Lacerte, Elie 


Three Rivers 


u 


1848 Desauliniers, Louis L.L. 


a a 


u 


Goulet, Ambroise 


Montreal 


u 


Parant, Joseph Antoine 


Quebec 


a 


Webber, Richard Norris 


Stanstead 


ii 


1849 Kezar, Hollis Smith 


Hatley 


v U 


Stephens, Romeo Harrison 


Montreal 


College 


1850 Porlier, Leander 


Chambly 


Law 


1855 Frothingham, Frederick 


Montreal 


Divinity 


1856 Vanier, Simon Charles 


u 


Medical 


1857 Mignault, Deodat 


Chambly 


u 


Roy, Joseph 


Montreal 


a 


1861 Symmes, Henry C. 


Three Rivers 


Scientific 


1863 Marchand, Peter 


St. Ann6 de la Perade 


Medical 


Ouellett [or Wellett], Charles 


Montreal 


Divinity 


1864 Rousseau, David 


Quebec 


Medical 


1865 Coe, Roderick Dhu 


Montreal 


College 


Numenville, Maximie Warry 


St. Cesaire 


Medical 


Paige, Reid Decius 


St. Armand 


Law 


1866 McQuillen, Barnard 


Mt. Johnson 


Medical 


1871 Bradley, Charles David 


Quebec 


a 


1872 Methot, Evans 


Montreal 


Dental 


1873 Henchey, John Henry 


Quebec 


Medical 


La Fortune, Joseph 


Joliette 


u 



35 



1874 Burry, William 
Trudeau, Ludger 

1875 MacKyes, Henry Stuart 
MacRae, William 
Stackhouse, Benjamin 

1876 Gardiner, Robert Hallowell 
Hyndman, Alexander Wm. 
Porier, James Alexander 
Watson, William Henry 

1879 McLellan, Francis 

1880 Deroin, Francis Xavier 
1882 Mariett, Ernest Homer 

1885 Martin, Alfred Wilhelm 

1886 Jack, John George 

1888 Stevenson, Frederic Arnold 

1890 Colby, Charles William 

1891 Lambert, Frank 

1892 Burns, James A. 
MacAdam, Donald 
Noble, Clarence Moore 

1893 Derick, Carrie M. 
McDougall, Robert 
Tatley, Eleanor 

1895 Dresser, John Alexander 
Honeyman, Howard A. 

1896 Canfield, Ralph Metcalf 
Langton, Joseph Francis 
Macleay, Kenneth A. 
Morin, L. J. 

1897 Kollmeyer, William Hector S. 

1898 LeRoy, Osmond E. 
Parker, Edwin Gordon 
Reid, William Dunn 
Twohey, James Austin 
Walker, Laura F. M. 

1899 Bacon, Lillian E. 
Wynne, Richard 

1900 Holmstrom, Vandler M. 
Trenholme, Norman Maclaren 

1901 Brittain, Isabel 
Hutchison, David 
Patton, Charles James 



Montreal 


College 


St. Hyacinthe 


Dental 


Montreal 


u 


St. Sylvester 


a 


Montreal 


u 


a 


College 


Sherbrooke 


Dental 


Danville 


u 


Melbourne 


a 


Montreal 


College 


St. Ely 


Medical 


St. Armand 


Divinity 


Montreal 


u 


Chauteaugay Basin 


Summer 


Montreal 


Dental 


Stanstead 


Graduate 


Montreal 


Summer 
u 


u 

Coaticooke 


u 

Dental 


Montreal 


Summer 


Ormstown 


Graduate 


Montreal 


Summer 


East Aylmer 


u 


Richmond 


u 


Stanstead 


Medical 


Montreal 


Law 


Danville 


Medical 


Joliette 


Summer 


Montreal 


Law 


St. Andrews 


Summer 


Lennoxville 


Graduate 


Leeds 


Divinity 


Montreal 


Law 


a 

u 


Summer 

a 


a 


Medical 


a 


Summer 


a 


Graduate 


a 


Summer 


a 


Divinity 


a 


Medical 



36 



1903 Cooke, Hereward L. 


Montreal 


Summer 


Hutchison, William Scott 


a 


Graduate 


Read, George Ellery 


Rock Island 


Summer 


Roberts, Sarah 


Montreal 


u 


1904 Fotheringham, Elizabeth R. 


u 


a 


Lyman, Ruth D. 


it 


it 


McCoy, Emma Caroline, 


Brooklet 


a 


Ramsay, Archibald Hamilton 


Montreal 


College 


Robertson, Alexander R. 


a 


Summer 


Taylor, Flora 


a 


« 


1905 Bazin, Walter Childs 


Ormstown 


Dental 


Cole, Wilfred George Garnet 


Montreal 


Law 


Harvey, Fred William 


a 


Summer 


Penhallow, Dunlop Pearce 


a 


Medical 


1906 Bland, Charles Edward 


a 


Summer 


Daigle, Charles Achille 


Medical Summer 


Leduc, Joseph Arthur 


a 


Medical 


Roberts, Sadie 


a 


Summer 


1907 Binmore, Elizabeth 


Westmount 


a 


Fyshe, James Carlyle 


Montreal 


Medical 


Roy, Joseph Valere 


Lewis College 


Summer 


Viger, Joseph Avila St. Eugene of Grantham 


Med. Summer 


1908 Delisle, Baptiste St. 


George de Windsor 


a 


Eastman, William Rotus 


Glen Sutton 


College 


Hebert, Albert C. R. 


Quebec 


Summer 


Jenckes, Alice Emily 


Sherbrooke 


u 


Torrance, Marjorie 


Montreal 


u 


Walker, John James 


Ormstown 


Medical 


1909 Beane, Arthur 


Massawippe 


College 


Campbell, Ward Griswold 


Montreal 


u 


Jacques, Hector 


St. Hyacinthe 


Medical 


Wright, James Victor 


Montreal 


College 



PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND 

1848 McDonald, Augustine Ralph Lot 36 

1851 MacKieson, J. Wallace Charlottetown 
1855 Hazard, James Henry 
1857 Johnson, Hammond 

1860 Beer, Francis Dyer " 

1861 Daniel, Henry Marwood " 
Muttart, Ephraim Bell Traverse 



Law 
Medical 



37 



1863 

1864 

1865 
1867 

1868 

1870 



1872 



1873 

1875 
1876 
1884 
1892 



1893 



1895 



1897 
1898 



McLean, Daniel 
McPhee, Daniel 
Wightman, James 
Dawson, Thomas 
McDonald, John Ban- 
McLaren, Daniel Darius 
Brown, James Raymond 
Johnson, Richard 
Dodd, Simon Walker 
McDonald, James Athanasius 
McLaren, Peter 
Brown, James Raymond 
McKay, John Graham 
McLeod, Angus 
Bearsto, Peter McNutt 
Darrach, Donald 
Gaffney, Henry Joseph 
Gordon, John Alexander 
Lawson, Frank 

McDonald, William Alexander 
Mclnnis, John 
McSwain, Angus 
Robertson, Henry William 
Walsh, Edmund 
Macvane, Silas Marcus 
Mann, Samuel Hill 
Cunningham, Thomas Edward 
McLean, Angus Alexander 
Stavert, Reuben Dow 
Brehaut, James William 
Gordon, George Byron 
Hugh, David Douglas 
Shaw, James Curtis 
Alexander, Robert Percival 
MacLeod, Ambrose Watts 
Mellish, Arthur James B. 
Moore, Edwin Percy 
Fraser, -Daniel James 
Ledwell, Richard John 
Lefurgey, Alfred Alexander 
Brehaut, Ernest 
Squarebrigs, William Daniel 



Charlottetown 


Medical 


York River 


a 


Georgetown 


it 


Charlottetown 


a 


Belfast 


a 


Georgetown 


it 


Summerside 


it 


Charlottetown 
it 


a 
a 


New Perth 


u 
u 


Summerside 


Law 


Charlottetown 


Medical 
u 


Malpeque 


a 


Charlottetown 

u 


tt 
a 


New Perth 


a 


Charlottetown 


a 


Summerside 


a 
u 


Charlottetown 


a 

a 


Summerside 


a 


Bothwell 


College 




Medical 


Charlottetown 


u 


a 


Law 


Summerside 


u 


Murray Harbour 


College 


New Perth 


Scientific 


Murray Harbour 


College 


Stanhope 
a 


Graduate 

a 


Dunstaffnage 


a 


Charlottetown 


Law 


Summerside 


Summer 


Alberton 


Divinity 


Charlottetown 


Medical 


Summerside 


Law 


Murray Harbour 


Graduate 


Bay Fortune 


Dental 



38 



1899 Curran, Thomas 
Macleod, Frederick Joseph 

1900 McCausland, William James 
1902 Nelson, David 

1904 Wright, William Frank 

1905 MacDonald, Bernard 

1906 Coffin, Robert Samuel 
Perkins, Frederic Garnet 

1907 MacDonald, John Allen 

1908 Campbell, William James 

1909 Long, George Roy 
Macmillan, Cyrus John 
McNeill, William Everett 
Steel, George Douglas 



Charlottetown 

a 

Tyne Village 

Charlottetown 

Bedeque 

Charlottetown 
a 

a 

a 

a 

Tyne Valley 
Charlottetown 
Montague 
Bedeque 



Summer 

Law 

Medical 

Dental 

Summer 

College 

Law 

Graduate 

Divinity 

Law 

Graduate 



MANITOBA 



1890 Anderson, Friman B. 

1904 Thorvaldson, Thorvaldur, Jr. 

1905 Moody, Edith S. 

1906 Stefansson, Vilhjalmur 

1907 Aird, Margaret H. 
Glass, Gordon Goldwin 

1908 Murta, Hugh Allen 

1909 Thorvaldson, Thorbergur 



Winnipeg 

Ames 

Winnipeg 
u 



Carmen 
Arnes 



Graduate 

u 

Summer 

Graduate 

Summer 

College 

Graduate 



BRITISH COLUMBIA 



1898 Beecher, Frederick Lyman 

1901 Grant, George Harold 

1905 Coulthard, Walter Livingston 

1907 Drier, Ezra Newton 

1908 Wasson, Hilliard John 



Vancouver 


College 


Victoria 


Scientific 


Vancouver 


Medical 



BRITISH AMERICANS 

{OTHER THAN CANADIANS) 



NEWFOUNDLAND 



1857 Aitken, Charles Cheyne 
1860 Carpenter, Charles Carroll 

Fraser, William 
1865 Tocque, Lloyd Pickavant 
1868 Botterell, James Albert 
1874 Forbes, Robert Edward 
1892 Ridout, John 
1894 Hudson, Allen Bedford 
1905 Howell, John Charles 

Squires, Charles William 
1909 Squires, Beaton Hall 



Trinity 


Medical 


Labrador 


u 


St. John's 


u 


a 


u 


a 


a 


u 


a 


a 


College 


St. Francis 


Divinity 


St. John's 


College 


Harbour Grace 


Divinity 


St. John's 


Law 



WEST INDIES 



1828 Dumaresque, Philip James 
1862 Drummond, Thomas Menzies 
1872 Barss, James Richmond 
1885 Boyd, Samuel George 

1904 Goodwin, Jesse Sargent 
Heyl, Julia Mary 

1905 Matthias, Joseph Martin 

1906 Harley, James Arthur 

1907 Thomas, Gilbert Henry 
1909 Maclntyre, William Arthur 

McSterling, David Augustus 
Oxley, Edmund Harrison 



Kingston, Jamaica 
u 



Medical 



Bermuda 
Nassau, Bahamas 
Hamilton, Bermuda Summer 



Antigua 
a 

Port of Spain, Trinidad 

u 

Kingston, Jamaica 
Trinidad 



Divinity 

College 

Medical 

Law 

College 

Divinity 



BRITISH GUIANA 



1825 Benjamin, Park 
1854 Gallup, George Henry 



Demerara 

a 



39 



College 
Medical 



BRITISH SUBJECTS 

{OTHER THAN CANADIANS) 



MEMBERSHIP IN THE CANADIAN CLUB IS OPEN TO ALL PERSONS WHO 
ARE OR HAVE BEEN BRITISH SUBJECTS AND WHO ARE OR 
HAVE BEEN MEMBERS OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY 



ENGLAND 




1828 Austin, John 


England 


Medical 


1834 Snaith, George Vrall 


Boston 


Law 


1840 Aspinwall, William 


London 


a 


1841 Cross, Henry Hilton 


Clifton 


u 


1853 Lewis, Frederic 


Birmingham 


Medical 


1858 Scott, John 


Wortley 


Divinity 


1866 Middlemas, John 


Birmingham 


Medical 


1867 Reade, W. Wenworth 


London 


.-a 


1868 Dudley, Edward 


Liverpool 


College 


Priest, Samuel Roswell 


London 


Divinity 


1870 Whittemore, Henry 


Liverpool 


College 


1871 Bland, John Pindar 


London 


Divinity 


Powell, Enoch 


Birmingham 


u 


1872 Bower, Hubert 


London 


Medical 


1873 Vance, George Hamilton 


Birkenhead 


Divinity 


1874 Collins, James Halkyard 


Mossley 


u 


Ewbank, Francis 


London 


Medical 


1876 Rogers, Charles Claude 


a 


Dental 


1880 Norman, Henry 


Leicester 


Divinity 


1881 Warren, Frederic 


Liverpool 


College 


Wilton, Richard Thomas 


Plymouth 


Divinity 


1882 Collier, Hiram Price 


Bradford 


u 


1883 Mande, John Edward 


Bolton 


u 


1884 Gibbons, James Murray 


Brighton 


Dental 


Tester, Alfred Horace 


u 


u 


1885 Harrison, Walter 


a 


u 


1886 Borton, William Thomas 


Hertford 


a 



40 



41 



1886 Gow, Henry 
Mott, Herbert Henry 

1887 Clarkson, James Booth 
Crank, Peter 
Jacks, Lawrence Pearsall 

1889 Smalley, Phillips 

Stevenson, Frederic Arnold 

1892 Gabell, Ernest Frederick 

1893 Calvert, Sydney 
Carter, Cecil Francis 
Field, George William, Jr. 
Pearson, Richard 
Quimby, Edward Melville 
Ward, John Webster 
Wilkinson, Frank Merrett 

1894 Collier, Christopher Walter 
Percival, Frederick William 

1895 Applebee, John Henry 

1896 Bienemann, Edgar Caspar 

1897 Thomas, David Pickard 

1898 Austin, John Worsley 
Dowson, Kynaston Charles 
Harding, George Herbert 
Hayes, Albert Edwin 

1899 Burley, Leo LeGay 
Harvey, Charles Woodroffe 

1900 Barton, Harry Sanford 
Brewer, James 

1901 Blattermann, Shelby Mitchell 
Manley, Frederic 
Wight, Thomas H. Toynbee 

1902 Barrett, William John 
Birks, Alfred William 

1903 Hooper, William Everett 

1904 Barnes, Henry Gorell 
Ellis, Theodore Hickling 
Field, Charles Kingsley 
Hillyard, Annie 
Pollock, John 

1905 Da vey, William Robert Parkhouse 
Gardiner, Theodore J. G. 
Hooper, William Everett 



St. 



Cheltenham 


Divinity 


Leicestershire 


u 


London 


Medical 


a 


Dental 


Nottingham 


Divinity 


London 


Law 


Reading 


Dental 


Brighton 


u 


Rochdale 


Graduate 


London 


Dental 



Liverpool 



Bridport 


Divinity 


Southampton 


Dental 


Willshire 


Divinity 


Peterboro 


Dental 


Davenport 


Divinity 


Brighton 

u 


Dental 
a 


Cirencester 


Divinity 


Bristol 


Dental 


Liverpool 


a 


Birmingham 


Medical 


Carlton Coville 


College 


London 


u 


Oxford 


Dental 


Birmingham 


College 


May's Lock 


Scientific 


Liverpool 


College 


Cambridge 


Medical 


Cornwall 


Divinity 


Northampton 


a 


Herfordshire 


College 


London 


Law 


eonards-on-the-Sea 


Scientific 


London 


Dental 


Morrside 


Summer 


London 


Law 


, " 


Divinity 


« 


Summer 


u 


College 



42 



1905 Hunt, Colin Bertram 
Scruby, Frank S. 
Williamson, George J. 

1906 Hunter, Richard Jocelyn 
Powers, Clifford Stickney 
Wilkes, Paul Henry 
Wyndham-Gittens, Herbert S. 

1907 Cammack, Addison 
Ford, Williston Merrick 
Mahin, Frank Cadle 
Marie, Ernest Robert 
Osborne, Charles Glidden 
Phelps, George Leonard 
Swan, Howard 
Thackray, Edgar 

White, Percival Wayland, Jr. 

1908 Byrne, Ferdinand 
Costikyan, Kevork 
Millet, John Albert 
Pickett, Arthur Henry 
Scott, Alfred Bowne 
Thomas, Richard Noel Garrod 

1909 Ford, Williston Merrick 
Madge, Ivan Robert 
Mellor, Stanley Alfred 



Oxford 
London 



Brandtford 

Harrow 

Grantham 

London 

Nottingham 

Birmingham 

London 

Oxford 
it 

Cleethorpes 

London 

Liverpool 

London 

Broadway 

Tunbridge Wells 

London 

Clytha Park 

London 

Hants 

Huddersfield 



Graduate 

Summer 

College 

Law 

Graduate 

Scientific 

a 

College 



Summer 

College 

Theol. Summer 

Summer 

Graduate 

College 

Dental 

College 
a 

Dental 
College 
Graduate 

College 
Graduate 



SCOTLAND 

1857 Taylor, John Davidson Edinburgh 
1870 Hogue, Thomas Wilson " 

1872 Simpson, William Argyle 

Wilson, Daniel Munro Paisley 

1876 Cunningham, George Edinburgh 

1881 Gordon, George Angier Insch 

1895 Allison, Thomas Irvine 

Ogilvie, Andrew Urquhart Forfarshire 

1901 Hutchison, David Arbroath 

Peacock, Joseph Leishman Paisley 

1903 Ramsay, Robert Ewart Glasgow 

1904 McMillan, Peter Edinburgh 



Medical 

a 

Divinity 
u 

Dental 
College 
Graduate 

Divinity 

a 

u 
a 
a 



43 



IRELAND 




1853 Brady, Philip 


Dublin 


Medical 


1854 Walshe, John Daniel 


Cork 


u 


1865 Coleman, Richard 


Dublin 


Divinity 


1868 Carley, Robert 


Wexford 


College 


1870 Gavin, Patrick Freeborn 


Dublin 


Medical 


1871 Mulligan, James 


Dromore 


Divinity 


1877 Stack, Richard Theodore 


Omagh 


Dental 


1887 Ramsay, William Henry 


Dublin 


Divinity 


1893 Mackay, Hugh William Boyd 


Coleraine 


u 


1901 Hanley, John Joseph 


Mallow 


Summer 


1907 Glasser, Samuel 


Dublin 


Dental 


Huggins, Samuel Carson 


u 


u 


1909 McQuade, Arthur 


« 


College 


WALES 




1852 James, David Elias 


Swansea 


Law 


1859 Hughes, William E. 


Shropshire 


Scientific 


1904 Baines-Griffiths, David 


Pwllheli 


Divinity 


1907 Davis, John Park 


Llandysal 


a 


^ AUSTRALIA 




1900 Nicholson, John Lambert 


Melbourne 


Medical 


1904 Hurworth, Christopher William 


Brisbane 


Dental 


1905 Greenwell, George Stephens 


Sydney 


« 


Greenwell, Howard Robinson 


« 


a 


Merrington, Ernest Northcroft 


u 


Graduate 


1906 Charlton, Percie Chater 


a 


Dental 


1908 Curran, Edward Jones 


Bathurst 


Medical 


1909 McCallum, Donald Campbell 


Kaniva, Victoria 


Divinity 


NEW ZEALAND 




1891 Owen, Hugh 


Auckland 


Dental 


1906 Hope, Robert 


a 


» 


1907 Challis, Charles Julius Edmond 


a 


a 


Owen, Richard John 


u 


ft 


1909 Lewis, Gabriel Isaac 


Wellington 


Law 



44 



SOUTH AFRICA 

1893 Gloag, Ralph Wardwell Port Elizabeth Law 

1907 Freeze, Seldon Harry Cape Town Dental 

1908 Quinn, Rupert Wm. Schombergh Johannesburg 

1909 Davis, Lemuel Morgan Cape Town 

Sheppard, Philip Albert Edward Stellenbosch Medical 



NDIA 



1890 Bruce, Henry Goodnow 


Satara 




Graduate 


1893 Bamje, Manakshah 


Bombay 




Medical 


1900 Swaminadhan, Subharama 


Madras 




Scientific 


1907 Rau, Gokran Subba 


Calicut 




Summer 


Sanford, Rowland Rufus 


Vizianagram 




Medical 


1909 Gaekwar, Jaisint 


Baroda 




College 


Shirgaokar, Raoji Raghunath 


ii 




Graduate 


Talwar, Fatch Chand 


Gujranwala 


Grad 


Appl. Scien. 


Tinckom-Fernandez, W. George Quetta 




College 


Vogel, Paul Henry 


Ootacamund 


Grad 


. Appl. Scien 


CHINA 




" 


1907 Kew, Irvin Whiteley 


Hong Kong 




Dental 




Scale of Miles 



PETERS ENGRS. BOSTON 



Vi 



HARVARD UNIVERSITY: LOCATION WITH REFERENCE TO BOSTON 



HARVARD UNIVERSITY 



HARVARD COLLEGE 



AND THE 



GRADUATE SCHOOLS 



OF 

ARTS AND SCIENCES 

APPLIED SCIENCE 

BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 



DIVINITY 

LAW 

MEDICINE 




CAMBRIDGE 

publisbefc bp tbe IHntversitp 

1908 



CONTENTS 

♦ 

PAGE 

General Statement 3 

Harvard College . 13 

Divinity School 27 

Law School 31 

Medical School (including Dental School) . . . . 35 

Graduate School of Arts and Sciences 43 

Graduate School of Business Administration .... 53 

Graduate School of Applied Science 55 



HARVARD UNIVERSITY 



GENERAL STATEMENT 

Harvard University includes Harvard College, and the fol- 
lowing graduate schools requiring a bachelor's degree for admission : 

General the Schools of Divinity, Law, Medicine, Arts and 

Organization Sciences, Applied Science, and Business Adminis- 
tration. This organization is unique among educational institu- 
tions. It is believed that a liberal education as given by the 
normal American college is the best foundation for a professional 
education, although it is not assumed that all young men can 
afford the time which this involves, but rather that for the ex- 
ceptional young man the investment is safe and wise, and one 
that will be returned to him many fold in his professional career. 
In professional studies it is a great advantage to a student to 
associate with graduates only, and an especially great advantage 
when these graduates are from many colleges and from all parts 
of the country. In adopting this organization for its professional 
schools, the University has done as much as a single institution 
can do to maintain the more liberal course of study in American 
colleges as an essential part of our educational system. One of 
the greatest benefits resulting from this general organization is 
the resort to Harvard of the most ambitious students from all 
parts of the country, serving as an effective safeguard against pro- 
vincialism, and promoting keen intellectual zeal and competition. 

The present resort to the graduate schools from other colleges 
is shown in the following figures. In the Graduate School of Arts 
Students and • anc ^ Sciences, at the time the last Catalogue was 
Teachers from issued, 143 colleges and universities were repre- 
other Colleges sen ted; in the Graduate School of Applied Science, 
14 ; in the Divinity School, 37 colleges, universities and theo- 
logical seminaries; in the Medical School, 57 colleges and univer- 
sities, and in the Law School, 121. 

3 



4 GENERAL STATEMENT 

Drawing its students widely the University has also drawn 
widely for its instructing staff. On the several Faculties 59 other 
institutions are represented by graduates. It is to be noted that 
these figures apply only to Faculty members. They do not include 
the large body of annual appointments which would materially 
augment the list. The institutions thus represented on the Facul- 
ties are: Acadia, Allegheny (Pa.), Amherst, Berlin, Boston, Bowdoin, 
Brown, California, Cambridge, Case School of Applied Science, 
Clark, Columbia, Cornell, Dalhousie, Dantzic, Dartmouth, Deni- 
son, Edinburgh, Gottingen, Hamburg, Hanover (Pa.), Haverford, 
Heidelberg, Howard (Ala.), Johns Hopkins, Kiel, Leipsic, Leland 
Stanford Jr., London, McGill, Marietta, Maryland, Massachusetts 
Institute of Technology, Michigan, Minnesota, Munich, New Mexico, 
North Carolina, Northwestern, Ohio State, Ohio Wesley an, Oxford, 
Princeton, Queen 's (Kingston), Randolph-Macon, Southern Cali- 
fornia, Swarthmore, Texas, Toronto, United States Naval Academy, 
Ursinus (Pa.), Vermont, Victoria (Toronto), Virginia, Washington 
(Mo.), Williams, Wisconsin, Yale, and Zurich. 

This pamphlet is intended to describe the University and the 
conditions of life in Cambridge less formally and more broadly 
than does the University Catalogue. Inquiries for more detailed 
information should be addressed to the Secretaries of' the several 
schools, all having the address, Harvard University, Cambridge, 
except the Secretary of the Medical School whose address is 
Longwood Avenue, Boston. 

Harvard University, founded as a college in 1636, was for over 
half a century, until the College of William and Mary was chartered 
in Virginia, in 1693, the only college in the country. The year 
following its foundation it was established in Newtowne; and the 
name of the town changed to Cambridge. Although only three 
miles inland on the banks of the Charles, Cambridge was at 
that time a frontier settlement. There is still lingering evidence 

History °^ ^ n * s ^ ac ^ * n * ne c l um P s of willows, sprouts from 

and the old stockade against the Indians, crossing what 

Environment j s now a p ar ^ f ^ College grounds. 

The College is the centre of Old Cambridge. From it westward 
and northward run the three principal streets, Brattle Street, 
past the houses of Longfellow and Lowell ; Garden Street, past 




SCALE OF FEET 



PETERS ENGRS., BOSTON 



200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 



HARVARD UNIVERSITY: DEPARTMENTS IN CAMBRIDGE 



GENERAL STATEMENT 5 

the elm under which Washington took command of the American 
army and past the Observatory and the Botanic Garden; and 
Massachusetts Avenue, to Lexington and Concord, the road along 
which the British soldiers retreated after the Battle of Concord. 
Near where Garden Street and Massachusetts Avenue separate, 
on Holmes Place, stood the house in which Dr. Oliver Wendell 
Holmes was born, and in which were the headquarters of General 
Ward and of the Committee of Public Safety in 1775. On this 
stretch of green, June 16, 1775, Samuel Langdon, President of 
Harvard University, that "hotbed of sedition," offered a prayer 
for the Continental troops there assembled under Colonel Pres- 
cott, before they marched to Bunker Hill. On Holmes Place are 
now the buildings of the Harvard Law School. Near by is a 
group of buildings, Massachusetts, Harvard, Hollis, and Holden, 
which date back to pre-Revolutionary times. These buildings 
were used as quarters for the Continental Army, the College, for a 
short time during the Revolution, having been moved to Concord. 

The University derives many advantages from its nearness to 
Boston. The Harvard College Library is at least the fourth 
and possibly the third library in size in the country, — the Con- 
gressional Library being first, — but it is a considerable advantage 
to have so near the University the Boston Public Library, which 
is second in size. Other libraries, such as the Boston Athenaeum, 
the State Library, the library of the Massachusetts Historical So- 
ciety, the library of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 
and the library of the Massachusetts Military Historical Society 
furnish reenforcement in particular fields. Boston is an impor- 
tant musical centre, and is visited by many lecturers and men of 
note. A terminal centre for railroads and for steamship lines, it 
affords many and convenient means of communication with the 
immediate and more distant parts of the country. The highly 
developed park system of Boston and of the metropolitan district 
is one of the great charms of the region. 

The more distant surroundings of Cambridge, the coast and 
woods, the lake regions of Maine and the White Mountains of 
New Hampshire, the Berkshire Hills of Massachusetts, and the 
Cape, afford beautiful and varied scenery for the vacation periods. 
The steamship service to New Brunswick and Nova Scotia gives 
ready access to a beautiful region, at comparatively slight expense, 



6 GENERAL STATEMENT 

for an economical long vacation. The neighboring coast towns 
of Plymouth, Salem, Marblehead, and Gloucester are reminiscent 
of Colonial days and are of simple, picturesque beauty. 

The general statistics of the University are as follows : — Its 
material resources are represented by an invested, income-bearing 
General endowment of about twenty million dollars, and 
Statistics buildings, laboratories, and museums, valued, con- 
servatively, at twelve million dollars. The grounds for instruction 
and research, and for the use of students, include 80 acres in 
Cambridge for varied University purposes; 63 acres across the 
river in Boston for athletic purposes; 11 acres for the Medical 
School buildings in Boston; 394 acres for applied biology, arbori- 
culture, horticulture, and allied subjects, in Jamaica Plain, a 
suburb of Boston; 700 acres on Squam Lake in the foothills 
of the White Mountains, for the Summer Engineering Camp; and 
2000 acres, the Harvard Forest, at Petersham, for field work in 
forestry; a total of over 3200 acres. To this list may be added 
the Arequipa Observatory in Peru. 

On the staff of the University, there are 566 officers of instruc- 
tion, and 122 officers of administration, preachers, curators, etc. 
Not counting the students in the Summer School (1126), the stu- 
dents in the afternoon and Saturday courses for teachers (104), or the 
students in Radcliffe College (women 420) , the number of students 
in Harvard University at the time of the issue of the Catalogue of 
1907-08 was 4012. Harvard University is not co-educational. 

There are sixteen dormitories belonging to the University, seven 
of which surround what is called the College Yard. These build- 
ings are in the main occupied by undergraduates, though much 
sought for by graduate students in certain departments for which 
they are convenient. Walter Hastings Hall, on Massachusetts 
Avenue, a large brick building, well appointed, is near the Law 
College School, and is in large measure occupied by Law 

Dormitories School students. Conant Hall, on Oxford Street, 
has been given over entirely to graduate students — mainly to 
students in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. Twelve 
of the rooms in Conant Hall and twenty of the rooms in College 
House are furnished by the University with almost everything 
necessary for immediate occupancy. Some of the buildings in the 
College Yard, while devoid of luxuries, and indeed of rathei 




h 
< 

u 

h 
[I] 

UJ 

I 

h 
Q 

< 

< 

Q 

< 
> 

< 
X 



GENERAL STATEMENT 7 

meagre equipment in the way of conveniences, are regarded as de- 
sirable because of their associations. Rooms are more attractive 
when they have associations with the student days of Rufus Choate, 
Charles Sumner, Edward Everett, Wendell Phillips, William Fitz- 
hugh Lee; of the historians, John Lothrop Motley, Francis Park- 
man, George Bancroft, and William H. Prescott; of Ralph Waldo 
Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, James Russell Lowell, Oliver 
Wendell Holmes; of Edward Everett Hale and Phillips Brooks, 
and others whose names are as well known locally and held in as 
affectionate regard. The Harvard Memorial Society has made 
these associations more real and more personal by posting in each 
room a printed list of" its occupants from the beginning. 

A general idea of the cost of rooms in the College buildings can 
be had from the following figures. 

Number of Rooms Rent Number of Rooms Rent 

5 '. $50 or less 113 $130 to $150 

80 55 to $75 160 160 to 200 

64 80 to 100 65 210 to 250 

72 105 to 125 94 250 to 350 

It should be added that many of these rooms are suitable for and 
are customarily occupied by two students. In fact, one hundred 
and fifty " rooms' ' have two bedrooms in addition 
to the study, and eighty-two have what is called 
a double bedroom. Some not so described are occupied by two 
students. The average price of a College room is $163; taking into 
account the number of rooms that are occupied by two stu- 
dents, the average cost per student of rooming in a College build- 
ing during the past year was $105. The care of all rooms is 
assumed by the University. Forty per cent, of the rooms are 
heated by steam. The others are heated by open fires at an 
annual cost to the occupants of about $20. The cost of light- 
ing a room is about $5. Distributing this additional cost, the 
average cost per student of rooming in a college building, includ- 
ing heat, light, and care, is $117. 

A printed" circular giving information in regard to each room can 
be had by application to the Bursar of the University. A list of 
the rooms vacant for the following year is prepared early in March. 
The time and conditions for the application for rooms are given in 
the University Catalogue. 



8 GENERAL STATEMENT 

The University has two dining halls, both of which are run by 
student associations on a cooperative plan, securing for their 
members board at cost. 

Memorial Hall is the larger of the two dining halls. Its limit 
of membership is thirteen hundred and twenty. The great hall is 
of imposing proportions and possesses both dignity 
and beauty. Its excellent stained-glass windows 
are impressive memorials of alumni classes or their distinguished 
members. On the walls are hung portraits of graduates and 
benefactors of the University. Pictures by Copley, Stuart, and 
Trumbull make the collection unusually rich in early American 
portraiture. The kitchen and serving-room have been recently 
equipped, and are models of cleanliness and convenience. The hall 
is conducted on a combination table d'hote and a la carte system. 
The average price of board for the past year was $5.33 per week. 

Application for admission may be made by any member of the 
University, and by any one intending to enter the University. 
Friends may secure seats together by forming a "Club Table." 
Application for membership should be made on or before Sep- 
tember 15, to secure a chance in the first allotment of seats for 
the following College year. The Hall opens a little before the 
beginning of College. Application blanks, notice of the date of 
opening, and further information, ma} T be obtained from the 
Auditor, Harvard Dining Association, Memorial Hali, Cambridge. 

Randall Hall, designed to supply board at a low cost, has a 
membership of eleven hundred. The board in Randall Hall is en- 
tirely a, la carte, and averages about $3.75 per student per week. 

A large and well-equipped hospital for the students, the Stillman 
Infirmary, has been made available by a recent generous gift. It 
Hospital and is situated on Mt. Auburn Street, about half a mile 
Medical Care from the College Yard, and commands a view of 
the Charles River Parkway and the Soldier's Field. In return for 
an annual fee of four dollars, which is charged on the February 
term-bills of all students registered in the Cambridge departments 
of the University, any sick student is admitted to the Infirmary 
and is given, without further charge, a bed in a ward, board, and 
ordinary nursing for a period of two weeks. It is ordinarily ex- 
pected that patients shall employ their own physicians, but needy 
students are attended by the Medical Visitor without charge. 



GENERAL STATEMENT 9 

The Infirmary has proved of inestimable value not only by 
meeting the demands of serious cases, both medical and surgical, 
and by providing effective means for the treatment and control 
of contagious diseases, but also by furnishing in trivial cases the 
simple diet and care necessary for their relief which patients 
might obtain at home, but which are not available in lodgings. 
The administration of the Infirmary so commends itself to students 
that they regard the use of its privileges as a matter of course, 
and not at all as an extreme measure. 

The tuition fees in the University vary in the several schools. 

In the undergraduate department the fee is $150 for a student 

working at the normal rate, and taking a four-year 
Tuition Fees , , , u . , T , , , 

course to complete his work. If, however, he 

takes more than the ordinary number of courses, as he must do 
in order to graduate in three year's, the tuition fee is thereby 
increased at the rate of $20 for each additional course. The 
tuition fee in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the Grad- 
uate School of Applied Science, the Divinity and the Law School 
is $150, and in the Medical School $200. Laboratory courses in- 
volve small additional laboratory fees, varying with the subject 
and with the course. To the tuition fee should be added the 
infirmary fee of $4 as one of the fixed charges. 

The expenses of room, heat, and light, $117, of tuition and 
hospital service, $154, and of board, $213, make a total of $484. 
This sum does not include laboratory fees, expenditure for books, 
stationery, or laundry, for music or the theatre, or other personal 
expenses. It is neither the least nor the greatest 
8 amount which a student may reasonably expend 
should circumstances demand or permit. It is possible, by going 
a little distance from the College grounds, to secure lodgings at 
a very low cost, It is possible to secure board at a distance from 
the College for less than the average board in Memorial Hall; 
and Randall Hall is less expensive than Memorial Hall by a dollar 
and a half a week. On the other hand, the private dormitories 
south of the- College Yard are much more expensive than the 
College rooms and furnish a greater number of conveniences and 
luxuries, while club and private dining-tables are more expensive 
than Memorial Hall. 



10 GENERAL STATEMENT 

A pamphlet entitled " Students' Expenses and College Aids " 
has been published by the University, and will be mailed on 
application. It should be secured by every student whose means 
are closely limited. The following is the introductory paragraph 
of this pamphlet : — 

"Almost every mail brings to the University at least one letter 

in which the writer asks if he can work his way through Harvard. 

Aids for ^ * s nai "d to answer such letters except in the 

Students of most general way, for whether the writer will be 
Limited Means succe ssful or not depends chiefly on his own energy 
and ability. The Secretary can assure the questioner that it is 
possible to work one's way through Harvard, for there are always 
many self-supporting students in College, and he can also assure 
him that the experience of many students shows that if a man 
has health, energy, cheerfulness, a good preparation for College 
work, and enough money in hand or assured for the necessary 
expenses of the first year, the chances are that he will never 
have to turn back. A student who obtains a good start is almost 
sure to find before the first year is over a way to continue his 
studies." 

The University distributes annually over $135,000 in prizes, 
scholarships, fellowships, and other beneficiary aid. In addition 
to this there has recently been announced a bequest with an in- 
come of over $20,000 a year to be used as travelling fellowships. 

For the past twenty years the University has maintained an 
Appointments Office. The following paragraph is taken from an 
account in the Harvard Graduates' Magazine (Dec, 1907) of the 
operation of this office for the past academic year : — 

"The Appointments Office seeks to provide occupation of both 
a temporary and permanent nature for the men who, by filing 
Opportunities registration cards or blanks, become candidates 
for Earning for one kind of work or another. During the 
Money p as ^ year, 500 undergraduates and graduates regis- 

tered as applicants for term-time employment, and 533 for 
occupation during the summer. They indicate the nature of 
the work they desire by underlining the various sorts of occu- 
pation set forth on the registration cards. Occasionally the 
card may be returned with the terse, comprehensive statement, 
'Willing to do any work that is reputable.' And indeed the 



GENERAL STATEMENT 11 

corps of students registered in the Appointments Office may be 
compared, not inaptly, to some of the volunteer regiments of 
the Civil War — they can do anything and everything. For 
example, one man had been a telegraph operator for two years, 
and came to the University to study electricity. His experience 
was too valuable an asset to be neglected, however, and he spent 
part of his nights on one of the Xew York wires of the Western 
Union; he had taught school, too, and proved to be an excellent 
tutor in mathematics. Another youth had a more varied experi- 
ence. After service as a printer's devil, telegraph operator, clerk 
in a country store and a great Western department store, he 
worked his way to the East to school and finally to Cambridge. 
With only a few dollars in his pocket to meet the College expenses 
for four years, he naturally took the first job offered him by the 
Appointments Office, that of sawing wood. By the summer of 
his junior year, he was earning $135 a month at the head of an 
active publicity bureau. He was graduated magna cum lande, 
and is now in Chicago in a position secured for him by the Office." 

During the academic year 1906-07 the Appointments Office 
secured over 1,450 temporary jobs for students in residence. It 
is impossible to estimate the aggregate value of these, as the Office 
is not in a position to secure accurate data in regard to the length 
of time that such employment is continued. 

An even more interesting activity of the Appointments Office 

under the administration of the Alumni Secretary has been that 

Employment °^ securm » permanent positions for graduates of the 

after several Schools of the University. Within a single 

Graduation y ear — the past year — the Appointments Office, 
with the co-operation of the departments, secured, for graduates, 
permanent salaried positions outside of the University of an 
immediate annual value of over $325,000. The potential value 
of these positions, by promotion, is very much greater than even 
this large sum. These figures do not include the positions filled 
through the influence of the Faculties of Law and of Medicine, nor 
many positions filled by departments and officers of instruction 
acting independently. The aggregate value of all the positions 
secured by the University during the year for the graduates of 
the various departments was well over half a million dollars. 



HARVARD COLLEGE 



Harvard College was founded in 1636 upon an appropriation 
of four hundred pounds by the General Court of the Colony of 
Massachusetts Bay, and two years later received as 
a bequest from John Harvard his library and half 
his other property. For half a century it was the only college in 
the American colonies. Xot until a century and a half had elapsed 
did it begin to add the professional schools which have combined 
with it to form the University. It still remains, by tradition, by 
weight of numbers, and by reason of the fundamental importance 
of liberal studies, the very heart of the University. 

As far back as can be traced, certainly as far back as 1740, 

admission to the College has been ordinarily by examination. In 

SDite of all that has been accomplished in the way 
Admission - . •, , ,. . , , , 

oi improving and standardizing secondary schools 

in different parts of the country, the College can through its admin- 
istration of this system treat with trie most even justice those 
candidates who come from neighboring schools, or schools that 
regularly fit pupils for Harvard, and those candidates who come 
from schools which are more remote. The subjects in which ex- 
aminations are offered comprise most of those which are taught in 
secondary schools; and in order to make a proper allowance for 
variation in school programmes, and in the opportunities of indi- 
vidual students considerable latitude is permitted to each candi- 
date in the selection of subjects for examination. Thus a student 
may enter Harvard College as a candidate for the A.B. degree 
with but one ancient language, and as a candidate for the S.B. 
degree offering neither Latin nor Greek. A candidate is not re- 
quired to take all his examinations at one period, but may divide 
them between different years, or between June and September of 
the same year, and he will be permanently credited with any 
subject in which he has passed. Admission may be obtained 
either through the examinations held by the College, or through 

13 



14 HARVARD COLLEGE 

those held by the College Entrance Examination Board. Admis- 
sion without examination is permitted only to students who have 
satisfactorily done a considerable amount of college work in 
another institution, and whose attainments, thus attested, have 
covered the subjects prescribed for admission by examination. 

The instruction in Harvard College, in the Graduate School of 
Arts and Sciences, in the Graduate School of Business Administra- 
tion, and in the Graduate School of Applied Science, 
is under one Faculty, called the Faculty of Arts and 
Sciences. Instruction is offered in the following subjects : Anthro- 
pology, Architecture. Astronomy, Botany, Celtic, Chemistry, 
Classical Philology, Comparative Literature, Comparative Philol- 
ogy, Economics, Education, Engineering, English, Fine Arts, 
Forestry, French, Geology and Geography, German, Government, 
Greek, History, History of Religions, Indie Philology, Italian, 
Landscape Architecture, Latin, Mathematics, Mineralogy and Pet- 
rography, Mining and Metallurgy, Music, Netherlandish, Philos- 
ophy, Physics, Physiology, Public Speaking, Romance Languages 
and Literatures, Romance Philology, Scandinavian, Semitic Lan- 
guages and History, Slavic Languages, Social Ethics, Spanish, 
Zoology. The courses in these subjects are arranged in three 
groups: those "primarily for undergraduates," "for graduates and 
undergraduates," and "primarily for graduates." The courses in 
the first two groups are open without question to qualified under- 
graduate students; but an undergraduate must secure the instruc- 
tor's permission to enter any course in the third group. In the 
first and middle groups there are in all 341 courses. Every Fresh- 
man is required to take a course in English composition, unless he 
has anticipated it by a special examination at the time of admis- 
sion; and every Freshman who has not offered both French and 
German for admission is required to take in his Freshman year a 
course in the subject not offered. The remainder of the courses 
of the Freshman year must be selected from a limited number of 
specified courses, but he may obtain admission to other courses by 
securing the written consent of the instructor in the course. This 
selection is made under the guidance of a specially appointed 
adviser. The student's choice of studies in subsequent years is 
limited, in each field of study, by the sequence of courses in that 
field; thus, no advanced courses in Political Economy can be 



HARVARD COLLEGE 15 

elected unless the student has first taken an introductor}^ course 
known as Economics 1; and again, such a course as Physics 3 
must have been preceded by Physics C or its equivalent, and the 
student must have taken or be taking a course in Calculus. Although 
the student has no official adviser after his Freshman year, never- 
theless every instructor in the University gladly gives his advice 
to any student who wishes to consult him. The full success of 
the adviser system depends on the student's disposition to utilize 
it ; but the earnest student finds in the elective system both oppor- 
tunity and stimulus for his best development. 

At the Summer School in Cambridge from the first week in July 
to the second week in August, and at the Summer Engineering 
Summer Camp at Squam Lake, from the middle of June to 
School the end of August, there are many courses which 
count toward the degree, and which correspond closely to courses 
given in the winter session. In certain technical lines, such as 
surveying and shopwork, courses are given only in the summer 
session. 

The requirements for the degree, formerly stated as four years 
of study and the passing of examinations on the work of each 
Requirements year, is now expressed only in terms of courses, 
for the Degree seventeen courses being required for the degree. 
But no student is permitted to take less than four courses or 
more than six courses in one academic year. It has thus be- 
come possible for a student entering clear of admission condi- 
tions to complete the work for the degree in three or three and 
a half years. 

Candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Arts and candidates for 
the degree of Bachelor of Science are enrolled in Harvard College. 
The requirements for either degree permit free choice among the 
courses of instruction offered by the Faculty of Arts and Sciences; 
but a few courses that may be counted toward the degree of Bachelor 
of Science cannot be counted toward the degree of Bachelor of Arts. 
The significance of the two degrees is practically identical, so far 
as the requirements of college work are concerned, the essential 
difference between them being in the requirements for admission. 
It is necessary for a candidate for the degree of Bachelor of Arts 
to offer either Elementary Latin or Elementary Greek for admis- 
sion; and the candidate for the degree of Bachelor of Science may 



16 HARVARD COLLEGE 

offer certain subjects for admission which cannot be counted 
toward the admission of a candidate for the degree of Bachelor of 
Arts. Harvard College offers by its elective system the greatest 
possible freedom of opportunity for those who wish to obtain a 
liberal education in the arts and sciences, whether as the end of 
their academic training, or as a basis for further study in Divinity, 
Medicine, Law, or the various scientific professions, such as Engin- 
eering, Architecture, Forestry, etc. Each student is permitted to 
shape his own programme of work, and is afforded every oppor- 
tunity to obtain expert advice. 

The price of rooms and of board has already been discussed in 
the general statement, but there are certain aspects of the dor- 
mitory question which primarily relate to under- 
graduate life. The dormitories belonging to the 
College, some sixteen in number, offer, at reasonable rates, com- 
fortable though not luxurious quarters. Within the past fifteen 
years a number of well-appointed private dormitories, with rela- 
tively high-priced rooms, have been built near the College. They 
are supervised by resident officers of the University, and form an 
important part of the University's residential system. There is 
a prevalent sentiment among the students that everyone should 
occupy a room in the College Yard during at least part of his 
College course, and for the rooms in Holworthy and in some of 
the other buildings there is keen competition. Rooms in private 
houses are very much like the rooms in private houses in any 
college town. On the other hand, the clubs at Harvard differ 
from those of other colleges in rarely providing dormitory accom- 
modation for the members. While there are few, if any, frater- 
nities in the sense in which the term is used elsewhere, the social 
activities of the students find expression in over one hundred 
clubs or societies of various sorts, linguistic, scientific, religious, 
musical, literary, and social. 

There are a number of clubs, the activities of which are designed 
to supplement the instruction of the University in various lines, — 
Literary and the Cercle Frangais, the Deutscher Verein, La So- 
Scientific Clubs c iedad Espanola, the Circolo Italiano, the History 
Club, the Natural History Society, the Zoological Club, the Chemical 
Club, and others of analogous purpose. Of the modern language 
societies, the Cercle Frangais may be taken as typical. It was 



HARVARD COLLEGE 17 

established in the college year 1886-87. At first it was a debat- 
ing society, conducting its meetings in French. For the past 
twenty years it has maintained, under liberal endowment, an 
annual series of lectures given in French by eminent scholars and 
publicists of France. These lectures are open to all members of 
the University and, with some restrictions, to the public. The 
Cercle, which is composed entirely of undergraduates, also per- 
forms annually some classical French drama. The other linguistic 
clubs are less varied in their activities, but likewise serve to stimu- 
late an interest in their languages. The scientific societies are 
composed sometimes wholly of undergraduates, sometimes of grad- 
uates and undergraduates, and meet at frequent intervals for the 
discussion of scientific subjects. Several debating societies may 
also be regarded as belonging in this class of organizations. 

There are a number of clubs devoted to the religious and social 
service activities of the students. Many of these have their head- 
Religious quarters in the Phillips Brooks House, a simple 
Societies anc i beautiful memorial to Bishop Brooks. The 
Phillips Brooks House Association is a large organization, including 
all the societies having their headquarters in the House, and also 
many men not members of any of the constituent societies. 
•These constituent societies are the St. Paul's Society (Episcopa- 
lian), the Christian Association (allied to the National Young 
Men's Christian Association), and the St. Paul's Catholic Club. 
The Catholic Club now has a house of its own, but retains its 
connection with the Association. The Association, with a total 
membership of over five hundred, carries on those general activ- 
ities which serve all of the societies equally. It maintains an in- 
formation bureau for new students at the beginning of the year, 
and gives a reception to the Freshmen, canvasses the Freshman 
Class in the interests of the Brooks House undertakings, arranges 
Sunday afternoon gatherings in the House during the winter months 
with a talk or reading, music, and light refreshments, and carries 
on various forms of social service work throughout the year. The 
Social Service Committee of the Association, through a sub-com- 
mittee, collects clothing and magazines, in such amounts that they 
are measured in tons, for distribution through various Missions 
and Associated Charities of Cambridge, Boston, and New York. 
Another sub-committee issues a call for volunteers, and during 



18 HARVARD COLLEGE 

the year arranges entertainments of vocal and instrumental music, 
readings, legerdemain, etc., in the almshouses, hospitals, sailors' 
havens, and other philanthropic institutions in Boston and sur- 
rounding towns. Still a third committee arranges for students to 
act as instructors in missions, settlement schools, and boys' clubs. 

Of the several musical clubs, the Pierian Sodality, an organiza- 
tion for orchestral music, founded in 1806, is probably the oldest 
musical association in the country. Under the 
general guidance of the Department of Music of 
the Faculty, the Sodality has risen to the very creditable per- 
formance of classical music. The Glee Club dates from 1858; the 
Banjo and Mandolin Clubs are of later origin. These three clubs 
have a pleasant custom of giving informal concerts in the Yard 
on warm evenings towards the close of the term. Each of these 
clubs has its counterpart in the Freshman class. Still another 
musical organization, the Harvard Musical Club, the purpose of 
which is to promote interest in the art and theory of music, and 
to encourage its study in the University, gives an annual concert 
each winter at which original compositions are produced. 

There is one club in the University to which all students are 
eligible, and to which nearly all belong. The Harvard Union, a 
The Harvard gift to the University by a member of the Cor- 
Union poration, is a club of students, graduates, and in- 

structors. Its living room has become the centre of College life, 
and is the accepted place for mass meetings and for large gather- 
ings of graduates and undergraduates. Each Tuesday evening 
throughout the year is "Union Night," and for an hour or so 
several hundred students meet in the living room for readings and 
lectures by men of national prominence. There is a large dining 
room for the use of members and their guests, and a smaller dining 
room for ladies. Any student may become a member of the 
Union by making application to the Treasurer and paying the 
annual dues of $10. 

Of the forty or more social clubs in the College, only an insig- 
nificant number are secret societies or fraternities, so-called, and 
only a very small number are mutually exclusive. 
A number have club houses, but without dormi- 
tory accommodations. No student restricts his circle of friends 
to the club or clubs of which he happens to be a member, nor do 



HARVARD COLLEGE 19 

the clubs furnish the exclusive resources for social enjoyment. 
Consequently non-membership in a club is neither a conspicuous 
fact, nor in itself a matter for grave concern. Further than 
this it is difficult to describe the very flexible club system of the 
College. 

Considerable interest is taken by the undergraduates in their 

daily and periodical publications. These are five in number. The 

Student Harvard Crimson appears daily, excepting Sundays. 

Publications The Lampoon, the college illustrated comic paper, 
and the Advocate, the oldest of the five, are published fortnightly. 
The Monthly, as its name implies, and the Harvard Illustrated 
Magazine are published once a month. Of the Harvard men who 
in their college days served on the editorial boards of student 
publications many have become eminent in later life, and some 
have become famous, notably, Edward Everett, Samuel Gilman, 
Oliver Wendell Holmes, James Russell Lowell, Phillips Brooks, 
Roger Wolcott, and Theodore Roosevelt. All of the undergraduate 
publications are managed and edited by the students themselves, 
and afford valuable training, 

The Gymnasium, which is near the dormitories in the Yard, has 
locker accommodations for 2400 students ; and regular instruction is 
given throughout the year in various gymnastic 
sports. On Jarvis, Holmes, and Soldier's Fields 
there are 60 tennis courts, all of which are occupied on fair after- 
noons. The two boat houses, the Weld and the University, have 
locker accommodations for 750 and 500 students respectively, 
and are equipped with 28 eight-oar shells and barges, and 60 
four-oar, pair-oar, and single shells and wherries. Free instruction 
in rowing is given to members. On the Soldier's Field, 63 acres 
in area, are the Locker Building, with 1500 lockers and large 
shower-baths, the Base-ball Cage, covering an area of 7700 square 
feet, the Stadium, seating 25,000 persons, with foot-ball field and 
running track, a second foot-ball field and several base-ball fields. 
Every effort is made to engage a large number of students in 
moderate exercise. Last year over 200 students were on the 
various foot-ball teams, and over 150 on the base-ball teams. 
There were 400 regularly enrolled participants in track and field 
athletics, over 600 students coming out at the beginning of the 
season. Over 900 students were members of the Weld and Newell 



20 HARVARD COLLEGE 

Boat Clubs, and 650 were regularly on the river. The varsity, 
class, and scrub games and races, the Leiter Cup Series in base- 
ball, and the Dormitory boat races give excellent and interesting 
sport for all. 

The following, taken from an article by Dean Briggs on "Har- 
vard and the Individual," gives a vivid and accurate picture of 
Harvard undergraduate life : — 

"A story told by Professor Palmer and afterward printed by 

Mr. E. S. Martin reveals the divided interests of Harvard. On 

Harvard * fte evenm g °f a mass meeting in Massachusetts 

and the Hall for the discussion of some point in the athletic 

Individual relations between Harvard and Yale, Professor 
Palmer went to Sever Hall, where Mr. David A. Wells was to lec- 
ture on banking; and as he went he was troubled by the thought 
that 'those boys' would all be in Massachusetts Hall, and that 
Mr. Wells would have no audience. Arriving at the lecture hall, 
which seats over four hundred persons, he found standing-room 
only ; and it was not Cambridge women that filled the seats — it 
was Harvard students. After the lecture, remembering that there 
should be that evening a meeting of the Classical Club, he went to 
the top of Stoughton Hall to find there between twenty and thirty 
men, who, oblivious alike of banking and of Yale, had spent the 
evening in a discussion of Homeric philology. ' Harvard indiffer- 
ence/ says one critic; 'Harvard University/ says another. Much 
of the strength of Harvard lies in her variety of interests. Side by 
side with the boys whose passion is foot-ball are the men whose 
passion is mathematics or philosophy, who care nothing for inter- 
collegiate politics and less than nothing for intercollegiate athletics; 
and such is the freedom of Harvard that these men are suffered to 
follow their own bent, and are not forced into a life with which 
they have no sympathy. To one who has lived in Harvard College 
it is the college of all colleges for the recognition of individual 
needs and individual rights ; of the inevitable and delightful variety 
in talent and temperament, and even in enthusiasm. When all 
the people in one place are interested in one thing, it may be 
inspiration, and it may be provinciality. When everybody in a 
university shouts at every ball game, athletics prosper, but cul- 
ture pines. Where Greek and the chapel are elective, base-ball 
should not be prescribed; and where base-ball is not prescribed, 



HARVARD COLLEGE 21 

there are sure to be individuals who cannot always occupy either 
the diamond or the bleachers. 

"' We grant/ it may be said, 'that Harvard allows and encour- 
ages a man to lead an independent intellectual life, to get all the 
Greek he wants, and all the chemistry he wants — and no more ; 
but what of human fellowship, the real and great and permanent 
blessing of college life?' The answer of any one who knows the 
College is this. If a man is interested in anything outside of him- 
self, he will get human fellowship in Cambridge; if he is not, he 
will not get it anywhere. The best friendships, as divers wise 
men have told us, are based on common interest in work. Editors 
of a college paper, debaters in a college team, students working side 
by side in a laboratory — or even in athletics, now that athletics 
have ceased to be play — these men, and not the fellow poker- 
players, are laying the foundation of permanent friendship. Har- 
vard College contains hundreds of groups of men who come to- 
gether for work which they do for the love of it; and in some one 
of these an earnest man is sure to find or make his friends. Is it 
better to know everybody in a class of fifty or fifty in a class of 
five hundred? Which offers the more reasonable and promising 
basis for the friendship of a life? Is there not, after all, some 
danger when even affinities are, as it were, prescribed and provin- 
cial — some danger in that extempore intimacy, that almost in- 
stantaneous swearing of eternal friendship, which a small com- 
munity may demand? 

" ' But what of the relation between student and instructor? ' 
In a small college the Faculty know, or think they know, every 
student. Between the large college and the small there is a real 
difference in the relation of the instructors as a whole toward the 
students as individuals, and in the relation of the students as a 
whole toward the instructors as individuals. In Harvard Uni- 
versity are over three hundred professors, instructors, and assis- 
tants under the Faculty of Arts and Sciences alone, of whom 
more than a third are members of that Faculty appointed either 
for a term of years or without limit of time. No teacher knows 
by sight every other teacher ; still less does any teacher know every 
student. Yet many teachers know more students than they 
would or could know in a small college ; and every student is known 
by several teachers besides his Freshman 'adviser.' Even the 



22 HARVARD COLLEGE 

large lecture courses are so combined with laboratory work or 
conferences or excursions that the students in them are brought 
into contact with the younger teachers if not with the older ones. 
There is, I believe, no college in which the relation between in- 
structor and pupil is more delightful. The maturer students are 
frequently consulted in matters of general importance and fre- 
quently called upon to help other students who need the strength 
that comes from strong friends. Many instructors invite students 
to their houses, or keep certain hours clear, as the University 
preachers do, for any and all students. 

"Within a few years the wives of certain University officers have 
instituted a series of afternoon teas on Fridays between Thanks- 
giving and the first of March, and have invited all members of 
the University. The teas, on which students at first looked scep- 
tically if not scornfully, are now fairly established. They have 
done much in giving newcomers what they sadly need — the society 
of refined women — and in giving all students opportunities of 
meeting persons whom it is a privilege to know. The room used 
for the teas is the large parlor of Phillips Brooks House ; the rug 
in the centre was Bishop Brooks's own ; and the bust in the adjoin- 
ing hall, with the tablet beside it, leads men's thoughts to him for 
whom the house was named, and in whose honor it Was dedicated 
to hospitality as well as to piety. 

"The homesick Freshman from a distant State finds at Cambridge 
a better welcome than he expects, though no kindness can at once 
and forever annihilate homesickness. Some years ago a well- 
known professor walking through the College Yard at the begin- 
ning of the autumn term met a young man whose aspect prompted 
him to say: 'Are you looking for anybody?' The young man 
answered: 'I don't know anybody this side of the Rocky Moun- 
tains.' Of what immediately followed I know nothing, but can 
guess much. Of one thing I am sure — the young man is to-day 
a loyal graduate of Harvard College. Nowadays the newly arrived 
student finds waiting for him, even before he meets his 'adviser,' 
a committee of instructors and undergraduates whose business and 
whose pleasure it is to help him adjust himself to his new surround- 
ings. Nor has he been long at the University before he is invited 
to the room of a Junior or a Senior, to meet there a few members 
of his own class, as well as members of other classes. There he 



HARVARD COLLEGE 23 

and his classmates are entertained by the older men, who often 
give them serious and sensible advice; and there they are made to 
feel that they are 'taken into the team.' 'Entertained/ I said, 
not hazed, as of old; and though the decline and fall of hazing may 
cut off Freshmen from the instantaneous friendships of cooperative 
self-defence, few will regard it as a mark of degeneration. To at 
least one of these entertainments every Freshman is invited, for 
the large committee of Seniors and Juniors in charge assigns each 
Freshman to some one man. Freshmen are invited, also, by 
their class president to social evening meetings, for which purpose, 
since scarcely any room can hold them all, the class is sometimes 
divided into squads of fifty or sixty. Again, in the new Harvard 
Union, which, like so much else, the University owes to Mr. Henry 
L. Higginson, the newcomer finds countless opportunities of 
scraping acquaintance with his fellows. 

" Probably the sick student is better and more promptly cared for 
at Harvard than at any other university in the world. Here, as 
elsewhere, a taciturn and courageous person may bear much pain 
and disease without revealing his bodily state to a physician; but 
nowhere is such conduct less necessary and less excusable. Every 
student not well enough to attend College exercises need only send 
word to the Medical Visitor, who will come at once to his room 
and tell him what to do. If the case is simple, the Medical Visitor 
gives advice and, if need be, a prescription ; if it requires prolonged 
medical attendance, he sends for any physician that the student 
may name. He himself keeps fixed office hours in the College 
Yard for consultation with such students as need him; nor does 
he receive pay for any part of his work as Medical Visitor beyond 
his salary from the University. The promptness and the devotion 
of this officer reduce to a minimum the danger of contagion from 
epidemics. For the care of the sick, the Stillman Infirmary has 
already a nearly perfect equipment; and the new ward for con- 
tagious diseases will make the Infirmary complete. 

"As to moral aid for the individual students, no one who is 
not inside of Harvard life can begin to know how many young 
fellows are aiding the weaker brethren to lead clean, sober, and 
honest lives; how much responsibility of all sorts the best students 
will take, not merely for their personal friends but for anybody 
that they can help. Some years ago a young man of strange and 



24 HARVARD COLLEGE 

forbidding character was seen running round and round on a 
Cambridge sidewalk, imagining that he was Adam flying from 
temptation; and though obviously insane he was put into the 
station-house. The case was made known to a student who as a 
child had attended the same school. He had never known the 
sick man well, and had never known good of him; yet he got his 
release from the station-house, promising to be responsible for him 
through the night. With the aid of a fellow-student he took into 
his own rooms the insane man, and gave him the bedroom. He 
himself with his friend sat up all night in the adjoining study. 
Into this study the madman would issue from time to time, making 
night hideous to the two watchers; but they did not lose patience. 
In the morning the student in charge secured a physician, assumed 
the responsibility of a guardian, drove with the sick man to the 
nearest asylum, advanced money (of which he was notoriously 
short) for necessary expenses, and then, exhausted, hastened to 
New York to meet his fellow-members of the Hasty Pudding Club 
(who had started, I believe, the night before) and appeared as a 
smiling star in the performance for which he had been so strangely 
prepared. No casual observer would have dreamed that in this 
apparently thoughtless person were the quick courage and devo- 
tion which made inevitable the acceptance of a revolting service 
for a youth who was almost an outcast. 

"The University is a little world with all the varied enthusiasms 
of athletic, intellectual, social, and moral life: and in spite of the 
temptation here as in other worlds, little or big, for men to break 
up into small and exclusive groups, the number of students who 
have with their fellows an acquaintance wide and varied is exceed- 
ingly large. Our wiser students recognize the truth of the late 
Lord Dundreary's famous proverb, 'Birds of a feather gather no 
moss/ and act accordingly. Moreover there are few communities, 
if any, in which a man may stand more firmly on what he himself 
is and does, trusting to be judged thereby. I doubt whether any 
student within my memory was ever more warmly admired and 
loved than Marshall Newell, a farmer boy. He was, it is true, an 
athlete, 'an athlete sturdy, alert and brave.' Athletics made him 
widely known; what made him widely loved was not athletics but 
the strong, healthy, simple and fearless heart, which revealed itself 
in his athletics as in everything else about him; and when he died 



I 



HARVARD COLLEGE 25 

one of the social leaders of his college days said sincerely that it 
was worth w r hile to spend four years in Harvard College, merely to 
have known such a man as he. 

"Not many years ago a big country boy named Adelbert Shaw 
entered Harvard College as a special student. He had been fit- 
ting himself for Wesleyan University, and had changed his plans 
so suddenly that he could not take all the Harvard examinations 
for regular standing. On his arrival he knew but one or two per- 
sons in the University. He* had little capital besides a strong 
body and mind, an unmistakable good nature, a big earnestness, 
and an unusual aptitude for turning from one kind of work to 
another with equal devotion to each and no w 7 aste of power in the 
transition. On the foot-ball field he made people laugh by his 
awkwardness and by the beaming good humor with which he 
hurled himself into the scrimmage; in the class-room he was as 
earnest as on the ball field; in his own room, notwithstanding his 
sudden and universal popularity, he worked hard, and in study 
hours kept his door closed to all but the few that he knew best. 
He was not a great athlete, though he might have become one. 
He played in the Freshman foot-ball team, was a substitute in the 
University foot-ball squad, and later appeared as a candidate for 
the University crew. In the spring of his first year at Cambridge, 
he was thrown out of a single shell and was drowned. His body 
was sent home; but after it had gone, a service was held in Apple- 
ton Chapel, which contained that day more students than I have 
ever seen in it before or since. In Holden Chapel the athletes had 
a service of their own ; and the student who took charge of it could 
scarcely speak. Shaw was a religious man, earnest in religion as 
in all things; yet he was never praised more highly than by a stu- 
dent who was known as a cynic. In a few months this unknown 
country boy had w r on the respect and the affection of the College 
that some still call indifferent, undemocratic, an aristocracy of 
Boston society and New York wealth. 

"If a youth makes no friends in Cambridge, it is stupendously 
his own fault. ' I do not say that it is impossible for a Harvard 
student to go off by himself, dig a hole, lie down in it, and stay 
there — as he might not be able to do at a small college ; I do say 
that those who affirm Harvard to be undemocratic or to value men 
for their money are either misinformed or defamatory. I could 



26 HARVARD COLLEGE 

name plenty of men whom heaps of money did not save from 
social failure in Harvard College; and even more whom narrow 
means and want of family connection did not cut off from almost 
universal popularity. Students at Harvard, like students else- 
where — like all men, young or old — may misjudge their fellows, 
and, misjudging them, may use them cruelly. Yet even in such 
cases most of the blame belongs usually to the misjudged man. 
The student who bears himself well and does something for his 
class or his College is sure eventually to succeed. In the Freshman 
year a few prizes may be given to attractive loafers; but in the 
long run the Harvard public insists on some form of achievement. 
No individual who does anything worth doing, and does it with 
all his might, need be lost in the crowd at Harvard; and, taken for 
all in all, Harvard is the best place I know for the individual 
youth. " 






DIVINITY SCHOOL 



A leading purpose of the founders of Harvard College was " to 
advance learning and perpetuate it to posterity; dreading to leave 
an illiterate ministery to the churches, when our 
present ministers shall lie in the dust." Accord- 
ingly for two generations, the College was virtually a theological 
school in its curriculum and dominant influences, and in the pur- 
poses of its students. With the rise of new interests, however, the 
college gradually lost this initial character, although the incumbent 
of the Hollis Professorship of Divinity, the first endowed chair in 
the College, supervised the studies of young men preparing for 
the Christian ministry. In 1811, Dr. Henry Ware, who had 
been appointed Hollis Professor in 1805, began a course of exer- 
cises with resident students in theology; in 1817, the first public 
exercises of such students were held; and in 1819 the Faculty of 
Divinity was formally organized, and the School became distinct, 
although not divided, from the College. In 1882, by the require- 
ment that every candidate for a degree should already have 
received an A.B. degree or its equivalent (a phrase which has 
always been very strictly interpreted), the School became the first 
graduate professional school. 

In 1815, the Corporation appealed to the friends of the College 
for contributions to increase the means of theological instruction. 
The School The subscribers to this fund formed a "Society for 
Non-sectarian promoting Theological Education in Harvard 
University/' to which was intrusted the principal management of 
the School, subject, however, to the control of the Corporation 
and Overseers. ' In 1830 the Divinity School passed under 
the direct and exclusive control of the University. Although 
the members of the Society were Unitarians, they laid down the 
principle, and incorporated it into the constitution of the School, 

27 



28 DIVINITY SCHOOL 

that "no assent to the peculiarities of any denomination of Chris- 
tians shall be required either of the instructors or students." 
Thus from the first the Divinity School was formally committed 
to the principle of non-sectarianism, but for many years it was 
practically identified with Unitarian Congregationalism; its pro- 
fessors were of that denomination and, as a rule, no other churches 
welcomed its graduates. When in 1878-79 President Eliot appealed 
for an increase in the endowments of the School, it was with the 
express declaration that the government of the University pro- 
posed to emphasize and make practically effective the non-sectarian 
principle, and the School is now thoroughly committed to this 
ideal of theological education. Its present Faculty consists of 
three Trinitarian and four Unitarian Congregationalists, and one 
Baptist, and during the past thirty years its students have entered 
the ministry of seventeen different denominations. All of its 
courses of instruction except those of a purely technical character, 
like Homiletics, are open to members of the College and the Grad- 
uate Schools, and its students, in turn, resort to courses offered by 
the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. This means that intellectually 
the Divinity School recognizes the same presuppositions and adopts 
the same methods that prevail in the University at large. This is 
the feature of the School which especially commends it to students 
interested in "the serious, impartial and unbiassed investigation 
of Christian truth." 

The Divinity School has adopted the elective S3' - stem, offering 
over forty courses of instruction, not all of which, however, are 

Courses of given in any one year. Fourteen courses are 

Instruction required for the degree of S.T.B. The only restric- 
tion upon free election is that a candidate for a degree must not 
have wholly neglected any one of the departments of instruction. 
In addition to the courses offered by members of the Divinity 
Faculty, students have access to all except laboratory courses 
given by the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, of which two, if approved 
by the Divinity Faculty, may be counted towards the degree of 
S.T.B. All other privileges of the University are freely open to 
students of the Divinity School. 

Besides this relation to the University, students have an 
additional advantage in the nearness of the School to a large city 



DIVINITY SCHOOL 29 

whose social conditions and philanthropic organizations afford 
opportunities for sociological training and research. Under the 
leadership of Professor Peabody of the Divinity Faculty, the 
Department of Social Ethics has become of exceptional impor- 
tance and the new Social Museum offers unequalled facilities for 
the comparative study of social problems. 

Students who are especially interested in the History of Religions 
will find here an unusually large number of courses, comprising not 
only those offered by the Divinity Faculty, but also others in 
various ethnic religions conducted by members of the Faculty of 
Arts and Sciences. The Peabody Museum of Archaeology, and 
the Semitic Museum under the care of Professor Lyon of the 
Divinity Faculty are rich in material of value to serious students 
in this field. 

The expenses of students in the Divinity School are about equal 
to those of students in other Cambridge departments of the Uni- 

Expenses versity. The School has a dormitory of its own 

and with a very attractive common room. The aver- 

Scnolarsnips a g e ren ^. f rooms m Divinity Hall is about sixty 

dollars a year. The Faculty is able to offer needy students of 
ability and promise scholarships ranging from $200 to $300 a 
year, the amount being determined by the student's academic 
record. 

Although the academic year of the School coincides with that 
of the University, and students are strongly urged to begin work 
in October, it is possible for those who cannot enter at that time 
to join the School at the beginning of the second half-year, in 
February, and pursue courses counting for a degree. 

The Faculty of the Divinity School has maintained since 1899 
a Summer School of Theology designed to provide an opportunity 
for clergymen and students of theology to meet for the study of 
subjects of theological interest and to inform themselves concern- 
ing the tendencies and results of modern theological scholarship. 
Although admission to the School is not restricted, about eighty 
per cent, of the' students are ordained ministers, and ninety per 
cent, are holders of a Bachelor's or a Doctor's degree. 

Inquiries in regard to the School should be addressed to the 
Dean of the Harvard Divinity School, Divinity Library, Cam- 
bridge, Mass. 



30 DIVINITY SCHOOL 

The Andover Theological Seminary has removed to Cambridge 
and become affiliated with Harvard University. In accordance 
with the agreement entered into by the governing bodies of the 
two institutions, all courses in Andover Seminary are open, with- 
out extra charge, to students of the Harvard Divinity School 
paying the full fee and, with the approval of the Faculty, may 
be counted towards the Harvard degree of S.T.B. 



LAW SCHOOL 



The Harvard Law School was established in 1817 and is the 
oldest of the existing law schools in the country. It has attained 
its present position among law schools by the high professional 
standing of its graduates and by the invention and introduction 
of a stimulating method of legal instruction, the so-called Langdell 
or Harvard Case System, which has since been widely adopted, 
and of which Sir Frederick Pollock, Regius Professor of Law in 
Oxford University, has said, "I do feel sure it is the best way 
if not the only way to learn law." 

The Law School with its library was housed in what was called 
"Second College House" from 1817 until its removal to Dane Hall 
History m 1832. In 1845 Dane Hall was enlarged and the 

and addition became the main part of the building, con- 

Buildings taining the library on the first floor, and the lecture 
room on the second. In 1883 the School and library were removed 
from Dane to Austin Hall. Austin Hall, a brownstone building,- 
and a good example of Richardson's architecture, was expected to 
meet all demands for fifty years. Within twenty-five years, how- 
ever, by the growth of the library and the increase in the number 
of students, it became overcrowded. A new building has just 
been erected by the Law School, much larger than Austin Hall, 
in a stately style of architecture, and named, in affectionate 
remembrance, after Dean Langdell. The Law School now occu- 
pies both buildings, Austin Hall and Langdell Hall; and the two 
adjacent dormitories, Hastings Hall and Gannett House, are given 
over to law students so far as their needs require. 

Starting as a somewhat loose system of lectures, the instruction 
gradually became more definitely organized, but for the first fifty 
years the work of the student was not tested by formal examina- 
tions. At first the degree was based in large measure on residence 
and attendance on the lectures of the school, and even this require- 

31 



32 LAW SCHOOL 

merit was but loosely enforced. Formal examinations for the 
degree were introduced in 1871. From that time examinations of 
increased severity have been required in all courses and have 
served as a basis for conferring the degree. 

Since 1877 a three years' course has been prescribed for the 
degree. In 1877 a special examination was required of all candi- 
Requirements dates for admission as regular students who were 
for Admission not college graduates. In 1896 the rule was 
and the Degree formally adopted that only graduates of approved 
colleges and persons qualified to enter the Senior Class of Harvard 
College would be admitted as regular students. Three years later, 
in 1899, this requirement for admission was still further increased, 
so that only graduates of approved colleges, Harvard College 
included, could secure admission as regular students. Even with 
this high requirement, rigidly enforced, over seven hundred students 
registered in the School in the autumn of 1907. 

The Degree of Bachelor of Laws is now granted to holders of an 
academic bachelor's degree after a residence of three years and 
the passing of examinations in the entire course. The programme 
of study includes, in the first year, Contracts and Property, 
Torts, Agency, Civil Procedure at Common Law, and Criminal 
Law and Procedure ; in the second year, Bills and Notes, Evidence, 
Jurisdiction and Procedure in Equity, Property, Sales, Trusts, 
Admiralty, Bankruptcy, Carriers, Damages, Persons; and in the 
third year, Conflict of Laws, Constitutional Law, Corporations, 
Insurance, Partnership, Property, Suretyship and Mortgage, 
Jurisdiction and Procedure in Equity, and Quasi-Contracts. 

The most epoch-marking event, not merely in the histor})- of the 
Harvard Law School, but in legal instruction in the country at 

The Case large, was the appointment, in 1870, of Christopher 
System c. Langdell as Dean of the School. Before his 

administration eminent jurists had taught the students by lectures 
supplemented by the study of legal treatises. The lecture and 
recitation methods were not thought inadequate ; in fact, they were 
the only methods employed anywhere, and are the methods still 
employed in some though in a steadily decreasing number of 
schools. Professor Langdell, though bred under this system, saw 
that, while it might give in easily accessible form such principles 
of law and practice as could be specifically formulated, it did not 



LAW SCHOOL 33 

give training and therefore facility in the actual methods of the 
best legal practice. A practising lawyer presents his case with 
citation of other cases, and his final authority and test of law lie 
largely in court decisions. Professor Langdell introduced first 
into his own courses, from whence it spread to those of the 
other teachers, a system of instruction whereby the student was 
trained to use as original authorities the published decisions of 
courts. He collected from the reports cases adapted to show 
the development of a legal doctrine, set his young men preparing 
five or six cases a day, and then at the following lecture, by state- 
ment, discussion, and criticism in the class-room, forced the stu- 
dents to extricate for themselves from these original sources the 
legal principles that their fathers took second hand. For two 
decades the success of this eminently reasonable innovation was 
not generally admitted. Under this severe form of instruction the 
attendance in the School did not gain greatly in numbers, not- 
withstanding the natural resort to the School of increasing 
numbers of Harvard graduates. But by 1890 the young 
lawyers trained at Harvard in the early seventies had made 
their mark in their profession. It was found that the Harvard- 
bred lawyer was in his .practice sound and eminently successful. 
Time had proved the efficiency of the new system. The attend- 
ance in the Law School began to increase rapidly, and the Harvard 
Case System spread throughout the law schools of the country, 
and has been adopted in whole or in part by most. 

With such a system of instruction the library becomes a most 
important feature of the School. As Professor Langdell said of the 
The Law library in his second annual report, " Everything 
Library e i se w [\\ a( j m it f a substitute, or may be dispensed 

with; but without the Library the School would lose its most 
important characteristics, and indeed its identity." And in a 
later report Professor Langdell wrote, "The work done in the 
Library is what the scientific men call original investigation. The 
Library is to us what a laboratory is to the chemist or the physi- 
cist, and what a museum is to the naturalist." At the beginning 
of the School a small appropriation was made for the purchase of 
a law library, and to this nucleus many important additions were 
made from time to time, some of which were unique. Thus 
Charles Sumner speaks of Mr. Livermore's "splendid donation" 



34 LAW SCHOOL 

and of a "valuable presentation of Mr. Joseph Story and other 
distinguished friends of the legal profession/' and Quincy in his 
history, published in 1840, refers to Mr. Livermore's gift of books as 
"probably not exceeded, and perhaps not equaled, by any other 
collection of the same size in America, if it be in Europe." Many 
other gifts have come to the library and it has been added to by 
purchase, particularly since 1870. In many most important respects 
it is unique. The Law Library, which Professor Dicey of Oxford 
has pronounced " the most perfect collection of legal records in 
the English speaking world/' now numbers over 105,000 volumes. 

Law clubs give the students experience in the forms of legal 
practice. They are in the main permanent organizations. Each 
law club elects eight members from the incoming 
class, and on these members devolves the greater 
part of the active duties of the club for the year. The clubs meet 
weekly. Before each meeting some member of the second-year 
class or some member of the Faculty is asked to preside as Chief 
Justice. Whoever is so chosen proposes a supposititious case in- 
volving a disputed point of law for argument before the meeting. 
Counsel are appointed from the first-year members of the club; 
the other members act as Associate Justices. Several days in 
advance of the hearing the counsel submit their briefs to the Jus- 
tices for examination. At the meeting the case is formally argued 
by counsel, and oral decisions are given seriatim by the Justices in 
banc. These clubs are most useful auxiliaries to the regular work 
of the School, requiring their members to prepare and argue each 
week cases illustrating the most difficult problems under discus- 
sion in the lecture rooms. Several have been in existence for 
many years, and include in their list of former members jurists of 
national reputation. 

The intercollegiate and national character of the Law School 

is shown by the following statistics: Of the 716 students enrolled 

National m ^ ne School this year 60 per cent, are graduates 

Character of of colleges other than Harvard, 121 institutions be- 

the School m g represented. Over 58 per cent, of the students 
now in the School are from outside of New England. About 60 
per cent, of the graduates are practising law outside of New England. 

Inquiries should be addressed to the Secretary of the Harvard 
Law School, Cambridge, Mass. 



MEDICAL SCHOOL 



The Medical School, the oldest of Harvard's professional schools, 
was founded in 1781, mainly through the efforts of John Warren, 
a brilliant young army surgeon of the Revolution. The School, at 

Buildings ^ rs ^ l° ca ted in Cambridge, was a territorial as well 
of the as an organic part of Harvard College. At that 

Medical School t j me Cambridge, although but three miles distant 
in a straight line, was a two hours' journey by land, separated 
by the river and a deep bay of marsh land. The School was thus 
remote from hospital and clinical facilities. In those days the 
value of hospitals as teaching centres was less appreciated than 
at present and young men received their bedside training as 
assistants of general practitioners. Gradually, however, the need 
of being near the larger clinical facilities in Boston made a changa 
of location expedient and in 1810 the School was moved to Boston. 
In 1816 it was moved again, this time to a new building, the first 
erected especially for it. In 1847, it was moved to a building next 
the Massachusetts General Hospital, and in 1883 to another new 
building, so large as to be criticised for its ambitious dimensions, 
and justified only on the ground that it was "to be the home of 
medicine for generations." Less than a single generation had 
elapsed, however, before the rapid increase in the number of 
students and improved methods of instruction demanded still 
more enlarged quarters. Of the five marble buildings, which 
together now house the Medical School, each is as large as the 
building from which the School moved, the building which less 
than twenty-five years before was thought to be on an extra- 
vagant scale. The five new buildings connected by covered 
passageways entirely close three sides of a large court which on 
the fourth side looks down the Avenue Louis Pasteur to the 
Fenway, the main artery of the Metropolitan Park System of 
Boston. 

This stately group of buildings, a notable addition to the archi- 
tecture of the City of Boston, is the result of prolonged study, and 
combines many features which render the buildings particularly 

35 



36 MEDICAL SCHOOL 

well adapted to their intended uses. Each building, with the 
exception of the administration building, is in the form of two 
wings connected by a central section, a plan which furnishes 
almost ideal illumination for laboratory work. The general 
arrangement of each building permits of future increase in floor 
space by the extension of the wings without any change in the 
fagade of the buildings as seen from the central court. The 
unit system of rooms has been adopted, a unit to consist of a 
window and half a pier on each side. These units form single 
research rooms, but as the only walls of the building which 
are permanent are the outside walls and those along the corridors, 
the arrangement of rooms can be changed to suit the needs of 
succeeding years. In the central section of each building is a 
large amphitheatre, easy of access to students and instructors 
working in either wing. The laboratories have been furnished 
and equipped with special reference to the comfort of students and 
facility for work. Near each laboratory is a library containing the 
books and journals most closely related to its especial interests. 
Building A, at the end of the quadrangle, contains the admin- 
istrative offices and lecture rooms, while across the whole of 
Museum ^ ne third floor stretches the Warren Anatomical 
and Museum, amply lighted by sky-lights and side 

Laboratories w i n d ows . This collection, begun by John Warren 
in 1799, is a most valuable teaching collection, and is well en- 
dowed for maintenance and increase. The buildings on the 
sides of the quadrangle are used by the several departments and 
are grouped as follows: B, anatomy, comparative anatomy, his- 
tology, and embryology; C, physiology, comparative physiology, 
biological chemistry, and theory and practice of physic; D, path- 
ology, bacteriology, neuropathology, and surgical pathology; E, 
hygiene, pharmacology, comparative pathology, and surgery. In 
buildings B, C, and D are large combined departmental libraries, 
and in building E four small departmental libraries. The five 
buildings, three the gift of Mr. J. Pierpont Morgan, one the gift 
of Mrs. Collis P. Huntington, and one the gift of Mr. David Sears, 
were erected at a cost of about three million dollars. To these 
buildings other friends of Medical Science and of Harvard con- 
tributed liberally. At the same time a million dollars was given 
for endowment by Mr. John D. Rockefeller. 



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MEDICAL SCHOOL 37 

Equally important with its laboratories are the hospitals with 
which a medical school is associated, and in this the Harvard 
Clinical Medical School is peculiarly fortunate. Shortly 
Facilities of after the removal of the Medical School to Boston, 
the School in 1810j t h e Massachusetts General Hospital was 
founded under the auspices of teachers in the School. For nearly 
one hundred years it has continued under these auspices, its his- 
tory closely associated with the history of Harvard. The famous 
Boston City Hospital, also, has ever been in cordial and intimate 
relations with the School and is a most valuable ally. Besides these 
general hospitals, the Children's Hospital, the Long Island Hospital, 
the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, the Boston Lying-in 
Hospital, the Carney Hospital, the Good Samaritan Hospital, the 
Free Hospital for Women, the Infants' Hospital, the Boston Insane 
Hospital, the Danvers Insane Hospital, and the Boston Dispensary 
are closely related through their staffs, and devote their clinics 
largely to the Harvard Medical School. So intimate is this con- 
nection between the hospitals and the School, and so valuable to 
each, that the Good Samaritan Hospital has already moved to be 
near the Medical School, while the Children's and the Infants' 
Hospitals have secured land which was a part of that originally 
purchased by the School, and are planning to build and move in 
the near future. Still another portion of the School land has been 
secured by the trustees of the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, a 
magnificently endowed institution, which is to be built immediately, 
and will contribute, as far as it can consistently with its hospital 
functions, to the furthering of medical education. The Laboratory 
for Research in Nutrition, of the Carnegie Institution, is also on 
land which originally was part of the Medical School tract. Of 
the original twenty-seven acres secured by the University when 
the change of site was contemplated, all but the eleven acres needed 
by the School have thus been taken. When complete, these six 
institutions will form a group unique in service to medical science 
both in magnitude and character. 

A detailed statement of the clinical facilities of the hospitals 
is shown in the following table: — 



38 



MEDICAL SCHOOL 



Statistics of Boston Hospitals 











Out-patient 






No. of 


No. of 
medical 


No. of 
surgical 


Department 
number of 


No. of 




Beds. 


cases 


cases 


visits 


autopsies 






treated 
annually. 


treated 
annually.* 


annually by 
patients. 


annually. 


Mass. General Hospital 


303 


2,021 


3,496 


107,063 


204 


Boston City Hospital 


1,157 


6,580 


6,995 


163,927 


244 


Carney Hospital 


200 


591 


1,840 


53,414 


13 


Long Island Hospital 


300 


3,147 


.... 


6,069 


69 


Children's Hospital 


100 


464 


1,011 


27,010 


21 


Infants' Hospital 


21 


194 


52 


13,166 


10 


Boston Lying-in Hospital 


52 


.... 


765 


2,067 


.... 


Boston Dispensary 


.... 


.... 


.... 


107,855 


.... 


Mass. Charitable Eye and 












Ear Infirmary 


160 


.... 


3,169 


78,493 


4 


McLean Hosp. for Insane 


220 


373 


.... 


.... 


.... 


Boston Insane Hospital 


773 


1,162 


.... 


.... 


.... 


Danvers Insane Hospital 


1,374 


1,866 


.... 


.... 


104 


Free Hospital for Women 


54 





388 


13,115 
572,179 


3 




4,717 


16,404 


17,716 


672 



* With surgical cases are grouped ophthalmic, gynaecologic, obstetric, and ortho- 
pedic cases. 



Lectures, clinics or demonstrations are held in all of these 
hospitals. In them every student has the opportunity, individu- 
ally and in small sections, of making a daily study of ambulatory 
and bed patients under the supervision of competent instructors. 
There is abundant clinical material for all, and each student 
sees in his clinical courses a large variety of diseased conditions, 
many of them so often, that he graduates with a considerable 
experience based on personal observation. He sees close at hand 
many operations. At the Lying-in Hospital and in the homes 
of patients he gains a practical experience in obstetrics. 

At the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston City Hospital, 
Boston Dispensary and the Carney Hospital, there are in addition 
to medical and surgical services, departments of orthopedics, der- 
matology, laryngology, ophthalmology, neurology and gynaecology. 
Among the special features of some of these hospitals may be 
enumerated the very extensive equipment of the departments of 
mechanotherapy (Zander apparatus), and hydrotherapy at the 



MEDICAL SCHOOL 39 

Massachusetts General Hospital; the Social Service Department of 
the same institution; the South Department of the City Hospital, 
with its many cases of diphtheria and scarlet fever; and the Relief 
Stations of the City Hospital with their very extensive accident 
services. Ample opportunity for the study of tuberculosis is fur- 
nished by the Municipal Consumptives' Hospital, — the out-patient 
department and sanatorium day-camp of which are completed 
and in operation, while its large hospital for advanced cases 
is soon to be opened. The House of the Good Samaritan and 
the Long Island Hospital have many cases of advanced tuber- 
culosis for study, as well as many cases of other chronic diseases. 

At the Massachusetts General Hospital and the Boston City 
Hospital large well equipped pathological and clinical laboratories 
are maintained. These are under the direction of members of the 
Pathological Department of the Medical School, and in them excel- 
lent opportunity for study and research is furnished. 

There are more than eighty appointments annually of internes 
in the various hospitals, and nearly as many more of assistants 
Hospital in the out-patient departments. Appointments are 
Appointments f or terms of one to two years according to the 
service chosen. With this large number of hospital appointments 
open each year it is possible for every graduate to secure an 
interneship in a hospital. These appointments are all made on 
the basis of a competitive examination. 

Degrees were first granted by the School in 1788. The degree 
of Bachelor of Medicine was conferred until 1810, when the degree 
Cour e for the was cnan g e d to Doctor of Medicine. From the 
Degree and first the degree was based on a two-year course at 

Requirements the School, two years of study with a practising 
for Admission , . . , r™ 

physician or surgeon, and examinations. Ine 

course was changed from a two to a three-year course in 1871. In 
1880 a four-year course was introduced parallel to the three-year 
course. This course was strongly recommended by the School and 
was required in order to receive the degree cum laude. In 1894 
the three-year course was abandoned and four years were required 
for the degree of Doctor of Medicine. Before 1901 admission was 
either by examination or by holding a bachelor's degree with evi- 
dence of having pursued certain required subjects. Since 1901 a 
bachelor's degree in arts, literature, philosophy or science has been 



40 MEDICAL SCHOOL 

required for admission to the School, and in addition certain train- 
ing in inorganic chemistry, qualitative analysis, and elementary 
organic chemistry. When the Medical School was first founded 
it attempted nothing but the education of men to become 
physicians. It now offers both instruction for practitioners and 
advanced instruction in the science of medicine. 

The programme of study in the Medical School is so arranged 
that the first three years are devoted to prescribed work and the 

Programme fourth year is entirely elective. The first half of 
of Study the first year is devoted to Anatomy and Histol- 
ogy, and the second half to Physiology and Biological Chemistry. 
The first half of the second year is devoted to Pathology and Bac- 
teriology, and the remainder of the second year to Hygiene, Materia 
Medica and Therapeutics, Theory and Practice of Physic, and to 
Clinical Medicine and Surgery, in preparation for the clinical work 
of the third and fourth years. 

In the third year the following studies are pursued: Materia 
Medica and Therapeutics, Theory and Practice of Physic, Clinical 
Medicine, Pediatrics, Surgery, Clinical Surgery, Obstetrics, Gynae- 
cology, Dermatology, Syphilis, Neurology, Psychiatry, Ophthal- 
mology, Otology, Laryngology, Genito-urinary Surgery, Legal 
Medicine, and Municipal Sanitation. 

The programme of the fourth year is composed entirely of elec- 
tive courses, in the choice of which the student is guided by his 
wishes to become a general practitioner or specialist in some line 
of medicine or surgery. The electives of the fourth year are given 
as half-courses. A half-course may occupy the entire day for 
one month, the so-called all-day plan; or the forenoons or after- 
noons for two months, the so-called half-day plan. 

The departments of Neuropathology, Clinical Medicine, Pedi- 
atrics, Surgery, and Obstetrics offer electives on the all-day plan. 

The departments of Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, Bacteri- 
ology, Clinical Surgical Pathology, Genito-urinary Surgery, Ortho- 
pedics, Surgical Pathology, Gynaecology, Dermatology, Neurology 
and Psychiatry, Ophthalmology, Otology, and Laryngology offer 
electives on the half-day plan. 

The departments of Physiology, Comparative Physiology, Bio- 
chemistry, Bacteriology, Pathology, Hygiene, and Theory and 
Practice of Physic offer electives on both plans. 



MEDICAL SCHOOL 41 

The particular features of this course of study are the intensive 
or concentration system of study and the fourth-year electives. 
For a large part of the first three years a student concentrates his 
energies on only a few subjects at a time. As an example, anatomy 
occupies the forenoons of four months, and histology and embry- 
ology the corresponding afternoons. With this method no time is 
lost in changing mind and body at frequent intervals from one 
subject to another, and continuity of thought is easily maintained. 
In the fourth year great freedom of choice is allowed. Each course 
occupies one month, and a student may select both his subjects and 
the number of months in each. Throughout the course the teach- 
ing is essentially practical. The student is taught to observe for 
himself, to deduce his facts, and to correlate his observations, 
whether they be made in the laboratory or in the clinic, on animal 
or man, with the dead or the living. Lecture and recitation are 
relied upon to supplement, not to replace, the student's individual 
observations. The instruction staff is so large that much of the 
work is done in sections of three to nine students, under the direct 
supervision of an instructor. Training in methods is an essential 
of this mode of instruction. Medicine is taught as a biologic 
science, and methods of individual observation are insisted upon 
equally in the laboratory and in the clinic. 

In addition to the regular course leading to the degree of Doctor 
of Medicine, the School maintains a Graduate Department. In 

Graduate almost all of the departments of the Medical School 

Department there are opportunities offered to qualified men to 
carry on investigation in medical subjects. A man who has a 
reasonable problem which he desires to work out is gladly wel- 
comed and given every assistance in the laboratories and clinics. 
Men desirous of training in methods of investigation will be re- 
ceived and their work supervised. There are also numerous 
courses open only to holders of the M.D. degree, which are in the 
main attended by doctors established in the practice of their pro- 
fession who wish to pursue further some special line of work, or to 
become familiar with the more recent developments in medicine or 
surgery. The students in this department are from all parts of 
the country, the 82 students in attendance last year being graduates 
of 32 different medical schools. 



42 MEDICAL SCHOOL 

The Medical School maintains a Summer School also, which 
is open only to holders of the degree of Doctor of Medicine, or to 
advanced students in some medical school. The majority of stu- 
Summer dents in the Summer School, like all the students 
School i n the Graduate School, are already holders of the 
doctor's degree. Last year, out of 135 students, 76 were doctors, 
representing 47 medical schools. 

In addition to the library in the main building and the several 
departmental libraries, the students in the Medical School have 
access to the Boston Medical Library, which is situated on the 
Fenway, not far from the Medical School. This library is large, 
well selected, and particularly rich in pariodicals, past and current. 

There are 22 scholarships in the School, aggregating $4,500. 
These scholarships are chiefly assigned to students after their 
first year of residence. Besides these scholarships there are three 
fellowships of $225 each, and six teaching fellowships of $500 each. 

In the Administration Building there is a student's reading and 
meeting room, where students may comfortably spend the time 
between hours of work. A number of student societies, organized 
for various purposes, add a social touch to the life of the medical 
student. At the Medical School or at the Medical Library numer- 
ous medical meetings are held during the year, at which the 
student may hear the more recent problems of medicine author- 
itatively discussed, while in some of the student societies the 
students themselves actively participate in similar discussions. 

Inquiries should be addressed to the Secretary of the Harvard 
Medical School, Longwood Avenue, Boston, Mass. 

Within the last academic year the Dental School has become 
more closely affiliated with the Medical School, and has begun 
the construction of a new building for laboratory 
and clinical work, next the Medical School Build- 
ings, on the corner of Wigglesworth Street and Longwood Avenue. 
This building will be ready for occupancy at the opening of the 
next session and will furnish the Dental School with a satisfactory 
equipment for all phases of dental instruction. Inquiries should 
be addressed to the Dean of the Harvard Dental School, Long- 
wood Avenue, Boston. 



GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND 

SCIENCES 



During the first two years of President Eliot's administration 
(1869-71) the number of elective courses was almost doubled, 

Foundation an< ^ there gathered in the University a small body 
of of resident graduate students attracted by this 

the School opportunity for advanced study. In 1872 the 
Corporation and Overseers of the University voted to establish 
the degree of Doctor of Philosophy for "candidates otherwise 
properly qualified who after taking the Bachelor's Degree shall 
have pursued at Harvard University for two years a course of 
liberal study approved by the Academic Council," the degree of 
Doctor of Science on three years of study, and the degrees of 
Master of Arts and Master of Science based on at least one year 
of approved graduate study; and examinations were instituted 
for all four degrees. The following year three Doctors' degrees 
were conferred. From that time forward the Graduate Depart- 
ment grew rapidly in the number of courses of instruction offered 
and in the number of students. In the current academic year 
there are 400 students, of whom 75 per cent, took their first degree 
elsewhere, 143 colleges and universities being represented. 

The School is under the control of the Faculty of Arts and 

Sciences, under which are also the College and the Graduate Schools 

Departments of Business Administration and of Applied Science. 

of The Divisions of this Faculty, in all of which grad- 

Instruction ua ^ e wor k mav \> e done, are as follows : Semitic 
Languages and History ; Ancient Languages (Indie Philology, 
Greek, and Latin) ; Modern Languages (English, Germanic, Ro- 
mance, Celtic, Slavic Languages and Literatures, Comparative 
Philology and Comparative Literature) ; History and Political 
Science (History, Government, and Political Economy) ; Philos- 
ophy (including Social Ethics) ; Education ; Fine Arts (History 

43 



44 GRADUATE SCHOOL OF 

and Principles of the Fine Arts, and Architecture, including Land- 
scape Architecture) ; Music ; Mathematics ; Physics ; Chemistry ; 
Engineering ; Forestry ; Biology (Botany and Zoology) ; Geology 
(including Geography, Mineralogy, and Petrography) ; Mining and 
Metallurgy; and Anthropology. 

It is obviously impossible, within the limits of a small pamphlet, 
to give a detailed description of a school having such diverse 
activities. But it is possible to give a general conception by ex- 
hibiting, through the work of some one department, opportunities 
which may be fairly regarded as characteristic of other depart- 
ments, and of the School as a whole. On this plan will be here 
sketched the general organization of the School; the opportuni- 
ties which the graduate student has of near approach to his in- 
structor; the facilities for research; the libraries, laboratories, 
and museums ; and the social life of the students. 

The School is open to the graduate of any college or university 
in good standing. The administration of the School, however, 

Admission regards admission to the School and candidacy for 
and a degree as quite separate problems. Admission 

Degree ^ ^ie School depends on the general quality of 
the previous undergraduate programme. Admission to candi- 
dacy depends on this and also on the preparation in the special 
field in which the degree is sought. The Master's degree is based 
on a year of advanced study, approved by a Division and 
the Administrative Board, in a single field or in related fields, 
completed with distinction. It sometimes happens that a stu- 
dent of excellent general preparation wishes to pursue in the 
Graduate School a subject in which he has not specialized as an 
undergraduate. In this case he may not be prepared to enter 
immediately on courses sufficiently advanced to secure for him 
a Master's degree in one year. The Doctor's degree, on the other 
hand, is never given primarily on work done in regular courses, 
but, being a certificate of scholarly quality and attainment, and 
of ability in productive research, is based only in part on work 
done in courses, and more especially on examinations before the 
Division as a whole — usually oral — and on scholarly contribu- 
tions in the form of theses or published papers. The minimum 
requirement is two years of graduate study, one of which must 
be passed in Cambridge. A longer time is ordinarily taken. 



ARTS AND SCIENCES 45 

The School had its origin in the elective system, which was 

early developed at Harvard, and still finds there its great strength. 

Courses There are under the Faculty of Arts and Sciences 

of 551 courses, of which 305 are whole courses, each 

Instruction f w \ i [ c \ 1 [ s designed to occupy from a fifth to a 
quarter of the student's time for the entire year, and 246 half- 
courses. The courses in each department are divided into three 
groups, called respectively, "Primarily for Undergraduates," 
"For Graduates and Undergraduates/' and "Primarily for Grad- 
uates.' 7 In the first group there are 113 courses, in the middle 
group 228 courses, and in the third 210 courses. 

Of almost prime interest to a student looking forward to grad- 
uate instruction is the opportunity for intimate association with 
advanced workers and for personal relations with his instructors. 
Opportunities of this nature exist in all departments; they may 
be illustrated by the Department of the Classics. 

In this Department there are 7 professors, 4 assistant professors, 
and 4 instructors. The number of courses in the Department of 

Relations of ^ e Classics is 47, of which 14 are in the first group, 

Instructors 13 in the second, and 20 in the third. In the first 
and Students g r0U p f courses (which do not concern graduate 
students because designed primarily for undergraduates) the 
average number in a class is 30; in the middle group, for grad- 
uates and undergraduates, the average is 24; while in the upper 
group, primarily for graduates, the average is 7. The average 
number of students in the middle group is large because of a single 
course which is taken mainly by undergraduate students. With 
that course left out of account the average number of students 
per course in the middle group is 14. The graduate student is 
thus throughout practically all of his work in small classes and 
in close contact with his instructors. But it is in the Seminary, 
in the Classical Conference, and in the Classical Club that the 
more intimate personal relations are established. 

The Seminary is listed as one of the regular courses given by 
the Department, and is required of every candidate for the Doctor's 
degree. It meets twice a week, dividing its time equally between 
work in Latin and in Greek, one professor from each Department 
being in charge of the work on alternate days. The main work 
of the Seminary is interpretation and text criticism. No student 



46 GRADUATE SCHOOL OF 

is admitted to the Seminary without having attended what is 
called a Proseminary, a preparatory half-course, in which instruc- 
tion is given on the principles of text criticism, with illustrations 
from various classical authors. In the Seminary proper the year 
is devoted to the reading and minute discussion of one author in 
Latin and one in Greek, conducted by members of the Seminary 
in turn, each of whom is also required to write a dissertation on 
some phase of the work. 

The Classical Conference meets once a month; and all professors, 
instructors, and graduate students in the Department are ex- 
pected to attend. At each meeting three papers are presented, 
occupying ten minutes each, and each paper is followed by a dis- 
cussion. Usually two of the papers are by members of the teach- 
ing staff and one by a graduate student, although the proportion 
may be reversed. These papers present the results of some origi- 
nal investigation. The Conference, like the Seminary, is in charge 
of one of the professors of the Division acting as President, who 
explains in a few words the subject of the paper to be presented, 
controls the length of the paper and guides the subsequent 
discussion. 

The Classical Club is a student organization with student offi- 
cers. The Secretary is a man of experience in graduate work, 
and of at least second-year standing in the School, and is in charge 
of the arrangements for the meetings. There are in general two 
kinds of meetings: one in which an instructor makes an address, 
and one in which students make and discuss translations from 
some author chosen for the year. At these meetings instructors 
are often in attendance, though not with the regularity with which 
they are present at the Conference. The meetings of the Classical 
Club are largely social and are held in the evening in the living 
room of Conant Hall, the graduate dormitory. After the regular 
meeting of the Club, refreshments are served. The event of the 
year, in the Club life, is the annual dinner at some hotel in Boston, a 
dinner attended by most of the teaching staff of the Department. 

Equivalent organizations exist in the other departments. In 
the Division of Modern Languages there are 16 professors, 7 assis- 
tant professors, and 24 instructors; there are 123 courses of in- 
struction, of which 35 are in the first group, 35 in the middle 
group, with an average membership of 34, and 53 in the upper 



ARTS AND SCIENCES 47 

group, with an average membership of 7. A Modern Language 
Conference unites the different linguistic and literary interests of 
the Division, and there are several clubs varying in organization 
and operation — Deutscher Verein, Cercle Francais, Sociedad 
Espafiola, and the Italian Club. 

The most important material equipment from the standpoint of 
a graduate student in Arts and Sciences is, of course, the Univer- 
_. sity Library. The Harvard Library, with its 

branches, has not far from 800,000 bound volumes, 
and in this country is exceeded only by the Congressional Lib- 
rary and two public libraries. It has the merit of including few 
unnecessary duplicates and few works of ephemeral interest. It 
is primarily a place for study and research, and only secondarily 
for general reading. Besides the central library in Gore Hall, 
the Law, Divinity, and Medical Libraries are at the Schools, and 
in addition there are some twenty-eight special reference libra- 
ries for the use of the various departments. Some of these refer- 
ence libraries are the centre of activity in the buildings devoted 
to their respective departments, for example, the Philosophical 
Library, or that of Social Ethics, or of Architecture; others are in 
the various laboratories, and, although not the centre of activity, 
are nevertheless easily accessible to investigators; others, in being 
separated from the main collection,~are intended for the use of 
students in advanced courses, and afford the quiet and retirement 
of a private library. Other special libraries are designed for the 
use of students in large elementary classes, and relieve the admin- 
istration of the main collection. The Library is administered in 
the most liberal manner in all its departments, and its books are 
made as accessible as possible, especially to graduate students 
engaged in research. To investigators admission to the shelves 
is freely given. 

The College Library, in Gore Hall, contains about 480,000 vol- 
umes, 330,000 pamphlets, and 25,000 sheets of maps. It has 
many unique collections on special subjects. The nature of the 
Library may be illustrated by its service to one Division, — the 
one which is perhaps more dependent on the resources of a library 
than any other, — the Division of History and Political Science. 
The Library is rich in materials for the study of history and eco- 
nomics, especially in regard to America, England, Germany, France, 



48 GRADUATE SCHOOL OF 

Modern Italy, the Slavic countries, the Ottoman Empire, the 
Crusades, North Africa, China, and the Dutch East Indies. In 
addition to the ordinary authorities and periodical literature relat- 
ing to these countries, it contains such collections as the Publica- 
tions for the Record Commission, the Rolls Series and Calendars, 
the Documents Inedits, and the Monumenta Germaniae Historica. 
It is especially rich in early Americana, Colonial Records, Papers 
of State Constitutional Conventions, Revolutionary Tracts, and 
Publications of Historical Societies; it possesses a nearly complete 
set of United States Documents, the English official publications 
relating to America, the Sparks Collection and other collections 
of manuscripts, and an extensive collection of early maps, especi- 
ally of America in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth cen- 
turies, and of Europe in the eighteenth century. The Hohenzol- 
lern Collection of German History, one of the largest of its kind in 
the world, has as its nucleus the library of the late Konrad von 
Maurer of Munich; it comprises about 15,000 volumes, and con- 
tains an almost complete set of the local historical periodicals of 
Germany, and the "Urkundenbiicher." The collection on French 
history is almost as large. The Ottoman Collection, which also 
ranks among the very first of its kind, centres about the library of 
the late Count Riant, which was given to the College in 1899. 
The special collection of the Crusades is from the same source. 
The Library also contains a complete set of the British Parlia- 
mentary Papers since 1830, an almost complete set of the steno- 
graphic reports of the meetings of the Reichstag and the various 
local legislative assemblies of Germany, and a set of the recent 
proceedings of the Douma. Of the Library's collections on sub- 
jects not strictly historical, but closely related to history, that on 
Folk-Lore deserves particular mention. The resources for the 
student of history are greatly increased by libraries in the vicinity. 
The Boston Public Library is the second in size in the United States, 
and in history, which is here being taken as an example, is partic- 
ularly strong in Americana. The Boston Athenaeum has a notable 
collection of Washingtoniana ; it is also strong in international 
law and receives regularly the British Blue books, the French 
Yellow books, the German White books, and other foreign 
official publications of the kind. The Massachusetts State Lib- 
rary is especially strong in foreign law, and the Library of the 



ARTS AND SCIENCES 49 

Massachusetts Historical Society is rich in local history. The 
John Carter Brown Library of Brown University in Providence 
possesses a splendid collection of early Americana, is generous 
with its facilities, and so near as to be easily accessible to 
students engaged in research. 

The laboratory of the Division of Physics may be taken as fairly 
typical of the many laboratories under the Faculty of Arts and 

Sciences. It is a four-story building, 60 by 200 feet. 

The main walls and the partition walls are of solid 
brick with brick surfaces for the interior walls of the rooms. The 
more elementary courses of instruction and the advanced research 
courses are separated. At the east end of the building is a lecture 
room with a seating capacity of three hundred; a large laboratory 
60 by 60 feet, and cabinets for apparatus. The west end of the 
building is free from iron in its construction and in many ways 
specially adapted to research work — pier tables on the ground 
and second floors, with foundations independent of the rest of the 
building, an interior tower 80 feet high, the foundation separate 
from the building and protected from winds by the surrounding 
building, and the constant-temperature room at some depth 
underground in the centre of this tower. In the basement under 
the eastern wing is a power and small dynamo room, a machine 
shop, a room for glass blowing, and a carpenter's shop. These 
rooms are in charge of two mechanicians, a glass blower, and a 
carpenter, all experts in their respective lines. By the growth of 
the research activities of the laboratory the cabinets of apparatus 
have been crowded into smaller and smaller space. This has been 
done with regret as they contain a number of interesting historical 
pieces, gathered during the past one hundred and fifty years. 
The laboratory has an endowment of over $140,000, in three 
separate funds. The income of this endowment, together with 
an appropriation from the general University funds and what 
is received from laboratory fees, gives the laboratory an income 
for maintenance of over $11,500 annually, aside from the salaries 
of the teaching staff. By far the larger part of this income is 
expended on research. Besides the general fellowships and 
scholarships in which the Division shares, there are four special 
fellowships at the disposal of the Division for graduate students 
engaged in research, and a post-doctorate fellowship for research. 






50 GRADUATE SCHOOL OF 

Of the several museums in the University, — the Fogg Art 

Museum, the Germanic Museum, the Semitic Museum, and others, 

— by far the largest is the University Museum. 
Museums . . 

In it are combined the Museum of Comparative 

Zoology, the Botanical Museum (except the Gray Herbarium, 
which is housed separately), the Mineralogical Museum, the Geo- 
logical Museum, and the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology 
and Ethnology. As a whole and in many of its component parts 
it ranks with the great government museums of Europe and 
America. It had its start in the collections which Louis 
Agassiz began privately even before he came to Harvard in 1847. 
These collections were transferred to the College in 1852, and con- 
tinued to grow under Professor Agassiz 's enthusiastic administra- 
tion. After they had been inadequately housed for many years, 
Professor Agassiz, in 1857, sketched a general plan closely ap- 
proximating the present University Museum, and two years later 
the foundations of the north wing — the part now designated as 
the Museum of Comparative Zoology — were laid. It is interest- 
ing that at this early date, when museums of any sort were few 
and small, Louis Agassiz 's conception so nearly anticipated the 
present structure, which has a floor area of over seven acres, and 
includes within its walls the museums of all the departments of 
Natural History, their exhibition rooms, research rooms, labora- 
tories, libraries and lecture-rooms, — a great teaching museum. 
It is as an educational institution that the Museum is of special 
importance. 

The zoological collections in the Museum, open to the public, are 
in five parts. Just within the main entrance is a synoptic room, 
no longer a unique feature in museum arrangement, in which is a 
small collection containing representatives of the several groups 
of animals. On the floors above the main exhibits are arranged on 
two different bases. In one part both living and fossil animals are 
grouped according to their systematic relations to one another; 
in the other the faunistic regions of the earth and sea each have 
their characteristic living animals brought together, separate rooms 
being devoted to each of the following regions : the North American, 
the Europeo-Siberian, the Indo-Asiatic, the African, the Australian, 
the South American, the Atlantic and the Pacific. Other rooms 
are devoted to collections illustrating various biological conditions 



ARTS AND SCIENCES 51 

of interest and importance, such as the nesting habits of birds, 
albinism, dimorphism, and the effects of breeding experiments. 
Finally on the first floor adjacent to the synoptic collection are 
separate rooms devoted to the exhibition of fossils of the palaeozoic, 
mesozoic, and caenozoic ages. This public exhibit occupies the 
greater part of three floors of the north wing and the adjoining 
rooms of the central section. The working collections, for pur- 
poses of research and record, are much larger than those open to 
the public. They are exceptionally extensive in fishes, both recent 
and fossil, and in invertebrates, including fossil crinoids, trilo- 
bites, and cephalopods. The Entomological collection is especially 
noteworthy, both because of its size and its richness in types. It 
is very rich in Xeuroptera, Diptera, and Coleoptera. These storage 
rooms are so arranged as to make them convenient for specialists 
working on the various collections. 

The library, which contains more than 44,000 volumes on 
zoology and geology, is accessible to advanced students and in- 
vestigators. 

That portion of the Botanical section of the Museum which is 
open to the public includes an interesting exhibit illustrating 
economic botany, and an extensive series of models of living 
plants. In the basement of this part jaf the Museum is stored a 
large collection of fossil plants. In the same section are also 
located the extensive collections in cryptogamic botany, algae, 
fungi, lichens, mosses, and hepatics. But the Gray Herbarium, 
which is rich in type specimens of species and varieties, in standard 
and rare phaenogamic exsiccati, and in the possession of the greater 
part of the specimens which were critically studied by Asa Gray 
in his preparation of the "Synoptical Flora of Xorth America," is 
at the Botanic Garden, some three quarters of a mile from the 
University Museum. Additional facilities for botanical work are 
afforded by the Bussey Institution and the Arnold Arboretum at 
Jamaica Plain. 

The Mineralogical Museum occupies the south central section 
of the Museum. The two upper floors contain the public exhibits, 
comprising about ten thousand specimens arranged to illustrate 
systematic mineralogy and the physical properties of minerals and 
crystals and their occurrence. The storage collection of minerals 
and rocks is exceedingly large. 



52 GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES 

The Geological Department, with exhibition rooms connecting 
with the Mineralogical section, occupies the southwest part of 
the Museum. In this section are included the geographical and 
meteorological laboratories with rooms for physiography and 
climatology. 

The Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology 
occupies the south wing of the Museum. This valuable collection, 
whose start is due to the persistence and industry of Jeffries 
Wyman, is antedated only by the Smithsonian Institution, and 
is one of the few large museums on the subject in this country. 

In all the sections of the University Museum, the lecture 
rooms, laboratories and libraries of the corresponding depart- 
ments are conveniently located in proximity to the collections, 
and are open freely to students and investigators. 

The social life of the students in the Graduate School of Arts 
and Sciences has been especially pleasant since Conant Hall, one 
_ . , of the best appointed of the University dormitories, 
has been reserved for their exclusive use. The 
Graduate Club, after twenty years of independent activity, has 
combined with the Conant Hall Association, for the holding of 
joint meetings in the living room of the Hall. These, evening 
meetings, held every two weeks, are addressed by eminent scholars ; 
they also provide an opportunity for agreeable social intercourse. 

Inquiries in regard to the School should be addressed to the 
Secretary of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University 
Hall, Cambridge. 



GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS 
ADMINISTRATION 



In March, 1908, the Governing Boards of the University estab- 
lished a Graduate School of Business Administration, "the ordi- 
nary requirement for admission to which shall be the possession 
of a bachelor's degree, and for graduation a course of study cover- 
ing two years." They have thereby practically completed the 
organization of professional education in Harvard University, since, 
like the other Harvard professional schools, the new School is to 
rest as a graduate department on the basis of a broad and liberal 
education. Furthermore, by undertaking to give specialized in- 
struction leading up to a business career, the}^ have recognized 
in the amplest manner the claim of modern business to be regarded 
as a profession, equally with the applied sciences, medicine, law, 
or divinity. 

The School offers preparation for those branches of business in 
which a professional training may now suitably be given, such as 
transportation, banking, insurance, accounting and auditing. The 
two years of graduate study, based upon the preliminary college 
course, comprise a series of new courses in general subjects, com- 
mercial law, economic resources, industrial organization, and prin- 
ciples of accounting, followed by the more specialized courses 
leading directly to the business for which the student is fitting. 
While efficient training for business is the service to the commu- 
nity which Harvard chiefly designs in the foundation of the School, 
the instruction given provides also, in certain directions, for those 
who aim to enter the Government service. 

While the needs of certain specialized lines of business are kept 
prominently in view, the student planning for other activities 
in commerce or manufacturing is not neglected. In addition 
to the more general courses already indicated, especial atten- 
tion will be given to the development of the work in business 

53 



54 GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 

organization and system. Instruction in this branch, particularly 
in the second year, may be readily adapted to meet individual 
requirements. The courses in the School may, furthermore, be 
supplemented, where advisable, by a wide range of electives in 
the other departments of the University. 

Unlike the other professions, with their well-established Univer- 
sity instruction and tried methods, Business, as a department of 
University training, has still, to a large extent, to invent its appro- 
priate means of instruction and to form its own traditions. From 
the mass of accumulating business experience, a science must be 
quarried. Not only must the fundamental principles guiding con- 
servative business be elucidated, but the art of applying those 
principles in the various fields of enterprise must be taught in 
a scientific spirit. To this end there is introduced in the School, 
wherever practicable, a " problem method " of instruction. The 
method of instruction, seeking to meet individual needs, will 
facilitate that closer personal relation between teacher and stu- 
dent, so essential to the best work of both. Students will be 
brought into touch not only with the professional spirit charac- 
teristic of the graduate schools but with business men and, so 
far as possible, with actual business conditions. 

The School, as at present organized, is primarily designed for 
those aiming to fit themselves for the ultimate attainment of 
posts of responsibility and leadership in the business world. This 
does not mean that there is any expectation of turning out cap- 
tains of industry readjMnade. The graduates of the School must 
be prepared to commence at the bottom of the ladder, and, though 
trained men, to accept such positions as are open to the untrained 
beginner. But it is confidently believed that, given the indispens- 
able business ability, — which cannot be taught, — the professional 
training of the School, united with the broader outlook on business 
affairs which it should impart, will make probable a more rapid 
advancement. 

A pamphlet containing a description of the courses may be 
obtained on application. Inquiries concerning the School should 
be addressed to the Dean of the Graduate School of Business 
Administration, 17 University Hall, Cambridge, Mass. 






GRADUATE SCHOOL OF APPLIED 

SCIENCE 



In 1847 the Corporation and Overseers announced the intention 
of giving graduate instruction in applied science. The follow- 
er- x m g y ear > m recognition of a generous gift from the 
Honorable Abbott Lawrence, the School thus 
established was called the Lawrence Scientific School. At first 
the students in the School were all holders of a bachelor's degree 
or men of maturity. In the course of time, however, the char- 
acter of the students in the School changed and it became an 
undergraduate technical school of the usual type. In the winter 
of 1905-06 it became evident that the very generous bequest of 
Mr. Gordon McKay, amounting to about five million dollars, would 
ultimately become available for the work in applied science in 
the University. In March, 1906, the Graduate School of Applied 
Science was established, and in November, 1907, the Lawrence 
Scientific School was closed to the further admission of stu- 
dents. Hereafter a student coming to Harvard University 
for work in applied science either will come equipped with 
a bachelor's degree and enter directly the Graduate School of 
Applied Science, or he will enter Harvard College, there to pursue 
work in mathematics, pure science, modern languages, and a cer- 
tain amount of introductory work, such as drawing, descriptive 
geometry, surveying, and even more technical subjects, and work 
in history, government, economics, and those subjects which to a 
professional man are part of a liberal education. On graduation 
he will be qualified to enter the Graduate School of Applied Science 
as a candidate for a professional degree. 

The Graduate School of Applied Science offers courses leading 

to professional .degrees in the following subjects: Civil, Mechanical, 

General and Electrical Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, 

Statement Architecture and Landscape Architecture, Forestry, 
Applied Physics, Applied Chemistry, Applied Biology, and Applied 
Geology. Admission to the School is open to holders of the bach- 

55 



56 GRADUATE SCHOOL OF 

elor's degree from any college or scientific school in good standing. 
In order to be recommended for the degree a student must have 
completed his work with high credit, and must have satisfied the 
department in which he is working in regard to his professional 
attainments. It is evident that students coming from other insti- 
tutions will have a very varied preparation, and probably this will 
be true also in large measure of students who. have graduated from 
Harvard College under the elective system. In order to afford 
some opportunity for them to bring their work into line and to 
advance themselves as far as possible toward their professional 
work, the Division of Engineering maintains a Summer Camp in 
which instruction is offered in those subjects in which their prepa- 
ration is most likely to be deficient. Similarly the Division of 
Fine Arts maintains in the Summer School in Cambridge courses 
useful in preparation for work in Architecture and Landscape 
Architecture. Pamphlets describing the courses of instruction 
offered by the several Departments of the School will be mailed on 
application to the Secretary, University Hall, Cambridge. 

The Division of Engineering offers courses of study leading to 
the degrees of Master in Civil Engineering, Master in Mechanical 
The Division Engineering, and Master in Electrical Engineering. 
of Engineering its library and laboratories are located in Pierce Hall. 
Broadly classified there are five, — the Hydraulic Laboratory, the 
Laboratory for Testing Materials, the Heat Engine Laboratories, the 
Electrical Laboratories, and the Laboratory for General Problems 
in Applied Mechanics. In addition to these there are a number 
of smaller laboratories and research rooms for the use of professors 
and graduate students engaged on special problems. 

The Work Shop courses are given during the summer at the 
Cambridge Manual Training School, where students have practical 
work in the blacksmith shop, the pattern shop, and the machine 
shop. The University does not provide such instruction in term- 
time, although requiring that its graduate students in certain lines 
of engineering shall have received such instruction. 

All the instruction in surveying (including railroad and geodetic 
surveying) and a repetition of the instruction in some other sub- 
jects are given in the Summer at the Harvard Engineering Camp. 
This is situated on the slope of Red Hill on the eastern shore of 



APPLIED SCIENCE 57 

Squam Lake, New Hampshire, about five miles from Lake Winne- 
pesaukee, and in the foothills of the White Mountains. The 
property consists of about seven hundred acres, owned by the 
Engineering University, so varied in topography and character 
Camp as t offer suitable practice ground for all kinds of 
surveying problems. It has about two miles of shore line, includes 
both hill and level land, and is in part open and in part heavily 
wooded. There are several large buildings on the tract especially 
adapted for administration and instruction. The draughting 
rooms are air}^ and open, and are provided with good lights for 
evening work. The students and instructors live in tents pitched 
on the shore of the lake, and meals are served on the large covered 
piazza. The food is simple, wholesome, and as varied as is 
consistent with the low charges made. Residence in the Camp 
is required of all students. The social life of the members is 
agreeable. The students work and live practically out-of-doors; 
and the Camp duties, although rigorous, are performed under 
conditions favorable to health and increased vigor. The work 
is continuous from seven in the morning throughout the day, 
for a period of eleven weeks. The course in Plane Surveying 
lasts six weeks; in Railroad Surveying, five weeks; and in Geo- 
detic Surveying, three weeks. A special course in Plane Surveying, 
intended for men who have had only the mathematics required 
for admission to the College, is to be given in the Summer of 1909. 
This course will last nine weeks. Only two courses may be taken in 
one summer. The work of the Camp has been extended to include 
a limited number of other courses, notably in elementary mechan- 
ics, statics and kinematics, and resistance of materials, which, 
regularly given at Cambridge, are repeated in the summer. 

The Camp is open not only to members of Harvard University, 
but to students from other colleges and scientific schools, and to 
any qualified man who desires to study practical surveying. It 
offers an excellent opportunity for young men to advance them- 
selves in preparation for their more strictly technical work, if they 
are proposing to enter the Graduate School for work in engineering, 
mining, landscape architecture, or forestry. The courses given 
are on subjects which students entering the Graduate School are 
supposed to have anticipated. 



58 GRADUATE SCHOOL OF 

For a special pamphlet, descriptive of the courses given at the 
Camp, or for other information, address Professor H. J. Hughes, 
114 Pierce Hall, Cambridge, Mass. 

The Division of Mining and Metallurgy offers courses leading to 
the degree of Mining Engineer and Metallurgical Engineer. Its 
The Division instruction is centred in the Rotch Building, which 
of Mining and contains, besides the instructors' rooms, a lecture 
Metallurgy room, a library, a reading room, exhibition and 
storage rooms, and the following Laboratories : — 

The Laboratory of Metallurgical Chemistry contains forty-eight 
desks, each with its own hood and sink, and the usual accessories. 
At the end of the room are tables for large or general apparatus, 
such as combustion furnaces, reductors, calorimeters, etc. The 
equipment of the laboratory is designed for general metallurgical 
analysis, which demands much hood space, facilities for rapid 
evaporation and filtration, and good ventilation and light. The 
Ore-Dressing Laboratory, extending the height of the building, is 
provided with modern machines of full size for the crushing, amal- 
gamation, and concentration of ores. It contains a rock-breaker, 
a five-stamp battery, rolls, jigs and concentrating tanks of various 
kinds. In this room are also experimental plants for cyaniding 
and chlorination. The Assay Laboratory is equipped with nine 
two-muffle soft coal furnaces, a crucible furnace, a power sample 
grinder, and all the apparatus necessary for assaying. The 
Metallurgical Laboratory contains blast, reverberatory, gas, and 
electric furnaces with accessories for the treatment of iron and 
steel, such as melting, annealing, hardening, tempering, case 
hardening, malleablizing, etc., and for the melting and making 
of alloys, and the apparatus necessary for the treatment and 
testing of the products. All heat work, the measurement of high 
temperatures, and the preparation of samples for analysis and of 
metallic specimens for optical investigation are carried on in 
this room. The Laboratory of Metallography is equipped for 
the microscopic examination of metals and other opaque objects 
and all the necessary facilities for photomicrography. 

A large amount of work is required during the vacations. A 
knowledge of surveying is presupposed of graduate students in 
mining. Unless anticipated elsewhere this can be secured best 



Foot Hills of White Mountains. 
Mount Washington — 50 Miles. 




PETERS ENGRS., BOSTON 



SCALE OF MILES 



HARVARD UNIVERSITY: LAND AT SQUAM LAKE, N. H., FOR WORK IN SURVEYING, 

ROAD AND RAILROAD ENGINEERING, ETC., THE SUMMER 

ENGINEERING CAMP, 500 ACRES 






APPLIED SCIENCE 59 

at the summer Engineering Camp at Squam Lake. In the sum- 
mer vacation a class, under the guidance of an instructor, visits 
Summer Work some mining district, and spends from eight to 
in Mining ten hours a day in observing the working of 
mines, underground, and on the surface. In past years the 
principal districts of Colorado and Utah, of Lake Superior 
the Adirondacks, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and the Southern 
States have been visited. Arrangements have just been completed 
whereby the Division of Mining will hereafter have the use, during 
the summer months, of the upper levels of a copper mine in Orange 
County, Vermont. The work there will last eight weeks, the class 
being divided into four squads which will perform in rotation the 
practical work of surveying, sinking, drifting, and stoping. The 
squads engaged on the last three jobs will be in charge of prac- 
tical miners. The students will drill holes, blast, clean up, timber, 
lay track, and perform all the operations of actual mining. 

The Department of Architecture offers courses leading to the 
degree of Master in Architecture. In Robinson Hall the Depart- 
Department of ment has one of the best equipped buildings in 
Architecture the College Yard. The front entrance of the build- 
ing opens into . a Hall of Casts two stories in height, in which 
are full sized casts of important pieces of architecture. These 
include the order of the Temple of Theseus and of one corner 
of the Temple of Nike Apteros at Athens, the orders of the 
Mausoleum at Halikarnassus and of the Temple of Vesta at 
Tivoli, the entablature of the Temple of Concord in Rome, a 
large part of the arch of Trajan in Beneventum, several im- 
portant Roman and Renaissance doorways, the balcony and 
window of the Cancelleria palace in Rome, besides statues, vases, 
cornices, and other smaller objects. The collections include also 
a remarkably fine series of casts from Greek architectural detail, 
made for the Department in Athens, and including several casts 
from objects not hitherto reproduced; and an interesting series of 
original fragments, chiefly marble, of Greek, Roman, and Italian 
Renaissance detail. 

On the first floor are two lecture rooms, of which the smaller is 
surrounded with blackboards for blackboard drill, and the larger 
has on its walls a valuable collection of oriental embroideries, tex- 



60 GRADUATE SCHOOL OF 

tiles, and prints, and paintings and drawings of artistic significance. 
On the same floor is a room for free-hand drawing, containing casts 
mainly of mediaeval architecture, and having on its walls oil and 
water-color paintings of architectural subjects, and original archi- 
tectural drawings by such masters as J. M. W. Turner, Samuel 
Prout, J. D. Harding, David Cox, and S. J. Cotman. There are 
also on this floor a smaller drawing room with casts, mainly of 
Greek, Roman and Renaissance art, and a collection of pottery 
and bronze ware as examples of design and color. In another 
room there is an exhibition of building materials, and models 
illustrating construction. 

On the second floor is the main drawing room, extending the 
length of the building and of approximately half its breadth. 
Opposite one end of the drawing room is a smaller drawing room; 
opposite the other end is the library. 

The basement contains rooms for clay modelling, for photo- 
graphing, for unpacking and for mounting, and for storage. 

In addition to the collections of the Department, those of the 
Fine Arts Department in the Fogg Art Museum of the Univer- 
sity, of German work in the Germanic Museum, and of Assyrian, 
Persian, and Roman work in the Semitic Museum, are available 
and are freely open to students. 

The library of the Department is intended essentially as a 
reference library, and contains, besides a collection of over 
11,000 photographs, all the works referred to in the courses 
on architectural history, and in the lectures on the theory of 
design; but most of the books have been chosen with regard to 
the work of the drawing room, and especially to facilitate the 
practical work in design. The plates of many of the volumes have 
been taken from their bindings and mounted on separate cards like 
photographs, and are conveniently catalogued and arranged in 
cases. Large tables are provided for the convenient examination 
of the books and photographs, and for tracing. The library now 
contains 1,191 bound volumes, besides 243 portfolios containing 
mounted plates. 

The University Library at Gore Hall contains a collection of 
books on Architecture, Landscape Architecture, and the other Fine 
Arts, numbering over 12,000 volumes. 




PETERS ENSAS., BOSTON 



SCALE OF MILES 



M 



IK 



HARVARD UNIVERSITY: HARVARD FOREST, PETERSHAM, MASS., 2,000 ACRES 






APPLIED SCIENCE 61 

Landscape Architecture is treated as an art of design closely 
related in many ways to Architecture, but involving many inde- 

Landscape pendent problems. Direct instruction in landscape 
Architecture design, which forms the main body of the course, 
is given in Robinson Hall. This is necessarily based on a knowl- 
edge of topographical surveying, botany, geology, horticulture, 
arboriculture, and forestry. The equipment of the University 
for instruction in these subjects is exceptional, including the 
Engineering Camp at Squam Lake, the University Museum, the 
Botanic Garden, the Bussey Institution, the Arnold Arboretum, 
and the Harvard Forest at Petersham. The Department makes 
considerable use of many notable examples of Landscape Architec- 
ture in and near Boston. Many private estates are open through 
the courtesy of their owners to the students of the Department ; and 
some of the more advanced problems are based on topographical 
maps of portions of the Metropolitan Park System. 

The Division of Forestry offers graduate courses leading to the 

degree of Master in Forestry. The gift, last Fall, of two thousand 

Division acres of unusually fine forest lands in the neigh- 

of Forestry borhood of Petersham, eighty-five miles west of 
Cambridge, will result in a reorganization of the work of the Divi- 
sion of Forestry. It is probable that each of the two years of 
which the graduate course is composed will be divided hereafter 
into three terms. Of these the Fall and Spring terms of the first 
year will be spent in the Forest in the study of silviculture, forest 
measurement, forest botany, forest protection, and management. 
The Fall term of the second year will be spent at Petersham. 
January will be spent on some large commercial tract in the study 
of lumbering, mill work, land-ownership, and forest management. 
The Spring term of the second year will be spent in part at 
Petersham, in part on some large commercial tract, in the prepa- 
ration of a survey, timber estimate, and valuation, and in the 
preparation of a map. The greater part of the technical study, 
involving reading and class-room work, will take place at Cam- 
bridge during the winter terms. Important adjuncts to this in- 
struction are the University Museum and the Arnold Arboretum, 
described elsewhere in this pamphlet. 



62 GRADUATE SCHOOL OF 

The Harvard Forest comprises what is probably the best body 
of timber to be found on an equal area in Massachusetts. There 
The Harvard are ten million board feet of merchantable lumber 
Forest a t present standing on the tract, nine-tenths of it 

white pine. This fine stand, however, occupies only about half 
the total area, the rest of which is covered by various types of 
hard-wood growth, younger crops of pine, and some open ground. 
The lay of the land, the features of which are a stretch of three 
miles of the Swift River valley, the basins of two ponds, and the 
slopes of the well known Prospect Hill, makes the forest cover 
peculiarly rich and interesting, and some fifteen miles of good 
wood roads provide access to all parts of the tract. Several build- 
ings afford lodgings both for students and instructors and for the 
managing force. The greatest advantage, however, from the 
point of view both of forestry instruction and of practical lumber- 
ing, lies in the arrangement of the age-groups or generations of 
timber. It so happens that stands of various ages, from the small 
sapling to the mature tree, are almost equally represented on 
separate areas. This, taken with the ready accessibility and 
saleability of the timber, constitutes a unique opportunity for 
the successful practice of forestry. An approach to a continuous 
yield can be secured without cutting more than a small propor- 
tion of the whole area in any one year, and little by little the forest 
can be so organized as to offer an increasingly valuable demon- 
stration of practical and scientific management. 

The Departments of Physics, Chemistry, Zoology, and Geology 
offer courses leading to the degree of Master of Science with desig- 
Departments nation of field. The work leading to these degrees 
of Physics, is not closely prescribed, but includes courses in 
Zoology and both pure and applied science. The work in each 
Geology of these departments may be directed in any one 

of several channels, the particular direction being shown largely 
by the special research work pursued in the second year. In the 
Department of Zoology, for example, a student will be recom- 
mended for the degree of Master of Science in Zoology who, having 
completed the necessary preparation, has devoted not less than 
two years to advanced Zoology, and has given evidence of high 
attainment in his studies. At least half of the work of each year 




PETERS ENGRSo, BOSTON 



SCALE OF FEET 



500 1000 



2000 



3000 



HARVARD UNIVERSITY: BUSSEY INSTITUTION AND ARNOLD ARBORETUM, 394 ACRES 



APPLIED SCIENCE 63 

must be devoted to research in applied zoology in the courses 
known as Zoology 20. Should such a subject as heredity be chosen, 
the research work would include a study of the Mendelian laws, 
and of the varied problems involved in their application. The 
equipment of the University is not such as to enable it to under- 
take the more practical processes of breeding domestic animals, 
but on the other hand its facilities are excellent for the investiga- 
tion of those scientific problems which are involved in all animal 
breeding, which are fundamental to it, and the understanding of 
which, still rare, is of the greatest practical value. 

The Bussey Institution and the Arnold Arboretum are a highly 
valuable part of the equipment of the University in biology. They 
are both located on an estate of three hundred and ninety-four 
acres within the city limits of Boston. Of this two hundred and 
twenty acres are devoted to an arboretum, liberally endowed by 
James Arnold, which is a great museum of trees and shrubs suited 
to the climate of Massachusetts, and devoted to experiments in 
arboriculture, forestry, and dendrology. The living collections are 
supplemented by an herbarium, a museum, and a library, in a 
building near the entrance to the estate from the city parkway. 
The remainder of the land belonging to the University is devoted 
to instruction and investigation in agriculture and horticulture, 
for which an endowment was left by Benjamin Bussey, with 
particular reference to heredity and economic entomology. The 
Bussey Institution is thus the laboratory of certain branches of 
applied biology. Its teaching and research staff is a part of the 
Division of Biology in the University, and its students are students 
in the Graduate School. Beside the main building, which is used 
for laboratories, and the greenhouse, there are on this part of the 
property farm buildings and the state laboratory for the prepara- 
tion of antitoxine serum. 

Inquiries in regard to the School should be addressed to the 
Secretary of the Graduate School of Applied Science, 16 University 
Hall, Cambridge, Mass. 



MAY 26 1909 



